Valve ignition prechamber with a reversed directon of combustion

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11326509-B2
Application number	US-202117173953-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 11, 2021
Priority date	Feb 14, 2020
Publication date	May 10, 2022
Grant date	May 10, 2022

Abstract

The valve ignition prechamber (1) with a reversed direction of combustion includes a lamination cavity (6) in which opens a pilot charge injector (32), and said cavity (6) being connected to a combustion chamber (5) of an internal combustion engine by a lamination duct (7), which, when opened by a lamination valve (13), forms with the latter a torch-ignition prechamber while an inverter housing (93) containing an ignition pilot charge (27) and accommodating ignition means (11) is housed in the lamination cavity (6) with which it forms a late combustion volume, said housing (93) comprising a main ejection nozzle (94) which can emit a pre-ignition torch in the direction of the lamination duct (7), the volume swept by said torch forming an early combustion volume.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A valve ignition prechamber ( 1 ) with a reversed direction of combustion for an internal combustion engine ( 2 ) which has a cylinder head ( 3 ) which covers a cylinder ( 4 ) to form a combustion chamber ( 5 ) in which can be burned a main charge ( 30 ), characterized in that it comprises:
At least one lamination cavity ( 6 ) which is arranged in the cylinder head ( 3 ) and which is connected to the combustion chamber ( 5 ) by a lamination duct ( 7 );
A pilot charge injector ( 32 ) which opens into the lamination cavity ( 6 ) to inject therein a pilot charge ( 9 ) consisting of an easily flammable Combustive agent-AF fuel mixture;
A lamination valve ( 13 ) which can either close the lamination duct ( 7 ) so that the latter no longer communicates with the combustion chamber ( 5 ), or open said duct ( 7 ) to form with the latter a torch-ignition prechamber ( 23 ) which simultaneously communicates, on the one hand, with the lamination cavity ( 6 ) via the lamination duct ( 7 ) and, on the other hand, with the combustion chamber ( 5 ) via at least one gas ejection orifice ( 24 ) to emit an ignition torch ( 29 ) into said chamber ( 5 );
At least one inverter housing ( 93 ) housed in the lamination cavity ( 6 ), said housing ( 93 ) forming between itself and said cavity ( 6 ) a late combustion volume ( 100 ) while an ignition pilot charge ( 27 ) can be introduced into said housing ( 93 );
Ignition means ( 11 ) that open inside the inverter housing ( 93 ) to ignite the ignition charge ( 27 );
At least one main ejection nozzle ( 94 ) which connects the inside of the inverter housing ( 93 ) with the inside of the lamination cavity ( 6 ), said nozzle ( 94 ) producing during the combustion of the ignition pilot charge ( 27 ) a pre-ignition torch ( 33 ) which can penetrate in whole or in part into the lamination duct ( 7 ), the volume swept by said torch ( 33 ) constituting an early combustion volume ( 101 ).

2. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ignition means ( 11 ) consists of a positive electrode ( 95 ) and a negative electrode ( 96 ) of an ignition spark plug ( 12 ).

3. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 2 , characterized in that the inverter housing ( 93 ) is integral with the spark plug ( 12 ).

4. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ignition means ( 11 ) consist of a positive electrode ( 95 ) of a spark plug ( 12 ), the inner wall of the inverter housing ( 93 ) constituting a negative electrode ( 96 ).

5. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 4 , characterized in that the smallest distance existing between the inner wall of the inverter housing ( 93 ) and the positive electrode ( 95 ) is located in the vicinity of the main ejection nozzle ( 94 ).

6. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the inside of the inverter housing ( 93 ) forms an annular chamber ( 34 ).

7. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the main ejector nozzle ( 94 ) comprises, successively and in the direction of the outlet of the inverter housing ( 93 ), a convergent ( 97 ), a throat ( 98 ) and a divergent ( 99 ).

8. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the main ejection nozzle ( 94 ) ends with a nozzle extender ( 28 ) which forms a protrusion to extend the outer face of the inverter housing ( 93 ) in the direction of the lamination duct ( 7 ).

9. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the main ejector nozzle ( 94 ) is eccentric relative to the longitudinal axis of the lamination cavity ( 6 ).

10. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 9 , characterized in that the main ejection nozzle ( 94 ) is fully or partially oriented tangentially to the inner wall of the lamination cavity ( 6 ).

11. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that at least one secondary ejection nozzle ( 102 ) connects the inside of the inverter housing ( 93 ) with the inside of the lamination cavity ( 6 ), said nozzle ( 102 ) being capable to emit a secondary turbulence torch ( 103 ) into the late combustion volume ( 100 ).

12. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 11 , characterized in that the secondary ejection nozzle ( 102 ) is oriented approximately tangentially to the inner wall of the lamination cavity ( 6 ).

13. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the internal volume of the inverter housing ( 93 ) plus the internal volume of the lamination duct ( 7 ) is less than half of the total internal volume formed together by the lamination cavity ( 6 ), including the internal volume of the inverter housing ( 93 ), and the lamination duct ( 7 ).

14. The valve ignition prechamber with a reversed direction of combustion according to claim 1 , characterized in that the lamination valve ( 13 ) is made of a magnetic material ( 43 ) while a magnetic field source ( 44 ) integral with the cylinder head ( 3 ) produces a magnetic field which attracts said valve ( 13 ) and tends to keep it pressed against the end of the lamination duct ( 7 ) to close the latter.

Assignees

• Rabhi Vianney

Inventors

• Rabhi Vianney

Classifications

• F02B19/12

  with positive ignition (engines with non-timed positive ignition, and with incandescent chambers F02B9/08) · CPC title

• Y02T10/12

  Improving ICE efficiencies · CPC title

• F02B19/1014

  design parameters, e.g. volume, torch passage cross sectional area, length, orientation, or the like · CPC title

• F02B19/02 Primary

  the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder · CPC title

• F02B19/109

  with injection of a fuel-air mixture into the pre-combustion chamber by means of a pump, e.g. two-cycle engines · CPC title