Detection scheme for x-ray small angle scattering

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11313814-B2
Application number	US-201816955939-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 20, 2018
Priority date	Dec 20, 2017
Publication date	Apr 26, 2022
Grant date	Apr 26, 2022

Abstract

A detection scheme for x-ray small angle scattering is described. An x-ray small angle scattering apparatus may include a first grating and a complementary second grating. The first grating includes a plurality of first grating cells. The complementary second grating includes a plurality of second grating cells. The second grating is positioned relative to the first grating. A configuration of the first grating, a configuration of the second grating and the relative positioning of the grating are configured to pass one or more small angle scattered photons and to block one or more Compton scattered photons and one or more main x-ray photons.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An x-ray small angle scattering apparatus comprising:
a first grating comprising a plurality of first grating cells; and
a complementary second grating comprising a plurality of second grating cells, the second grating positioned relative to the first grating,
a configuration of the first grating, a configuration of the second grating and the relative positioning of the gratings configured to pass one or more small angle scattered photons and to block one or more Compton scattered photons and one or more main x-ray photons;
wherein each first grating cell comprises a first solid portion and an adjacent first hollow portion and each second grating cell comprises a second solid portion and an adjacent second hollow portion, each hollow portion and each solid portion having a width, w 1 , and a height, h 1 .

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each first hollow portion is aligned with a respective second solid portion and each first solid portion is aligned with a respective second hollow portion.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second grating is positioned a distance, l 1 , from the first grating, a range of angles of the small angle scattered photons is related to the distance.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the second grating is positioned a distance, l 1 , from the first grating and a principal energy angle, θ p , is equal to w 1 /(h 1 +l 1 ).

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first grating has a first surface, the plurality of first grating cells positioned between a detector and the opposing first surface, and the second grating has a second surface and an opposing third surface, the plurality of second grating cells positioned between the second surface and the opposing third surface, the first surface and the second surface separated by a distance, l 1 .

6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein a distance between the detector and the first surface and a distance between the second surface and the third surface corresponds to a height, h 1 , of the grating cells.

7. A method for x-ray small angle scattering, the method comprising:
emitting, by an x-ray source, an x-ray beam, the x-ray beam comprising a plurality of photons;
detecting, by a detector, one or more small angle scattered photons, the scattering related to an object to be imaged;
passing, by an x-ray small angle scattering apparatus, one or more small angle scattered photons; and
blocking, by the x-ray small angle scattering apparatus, one or more Compton scattered photons and one or more main x-ray photons,
the x-ray small angle scattering apparatus comprising:
a first grating comprising a plurality of first grating cells, and
a complementary second grating comprising a plurality of second grating cells, the second grating positioned relative to the first grating,
a configuration of the first grating, a configuration of the second grating and the relative positioning of the gratings configured to pass one or more small angle scattered photons and to block one or more Compton scattered photons and one or more main x-ray photons;

wherein each first grating cell comprises a first solid portion and an adjacent first hollow portion and each second grating cell comprises a second solid portion and an adjacent second hollow portion, each hollow portion and each solid portion having a width, w 1 , and a height, h 1 .

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein each first hollow portion is aligned with a respective second solid portion and each first solid portion is aligned with a respective second hollow portion.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the second grating is positioned a distance, h, from the first grating, a range of angles of the small angle scattered photons is related to the distance.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the second grating is positioned a distance, l 1 , from the first grating and a principal energy angle, θ p , is equal to w 1 /(h 1 +l 1 ).

11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first grating has a first surface, the plurality of first grating cells positioned between a detector and the opposing first surface, and the second grating has a second surface and an opposing third surface, the plurality of second grating cells positioned between the second surface and the opposing third surface, the first surface and the second surface separated by a distance, l 1 .

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein a distance between the detector and the first surface and a distance between the second surface and the third surface corresponds to a height, h 1 , of the grating cells.

13. An x-ray system comprising:
an x-ray source configured to emit an x-ray beam;
a detector configured to detect one or more small angle scattered photons, the scattering related to an object to be imaged; and
an x-ray small angle scattering apparatus comprising:
a first grating comprising a plurality of first grating cells; and
a complementary second grating comprising a plurality of second grating cells, the second grating positioned relative to the first grating,
a configuration of the first grating, a configuration of the second grating and the relative positioning of the gratings configured to pass one or more small angle scattered photons and to block one or more Compton scattered photons and one or more main x-ray photons;

wherein each first grating cell comprises a first solid portion and an adjacent first hollow portion and each second grating cell comprises a second solid portion and an adjacent second hollow portion, each hollow portion and each solid portion having a width, w 1 , and a height, w 1 .

14. The x-ray system of claim 4 , wherein each first hollow portion is aligned with a respective second solid portion and each first solid portion is aligned with a respective second hollow portion.

15. The x-ray system of claim 13 , wherein the second grating is positioned a distance, l 1 , from the first grating, a range of angles of the small angle scattered photons is related to the distance.

16. The x-ray system of claim 4 , wherein the second grating is positioned a distance, l 1 , from the first grating and a principal energy angle, θ p , is equal to w 1 /(h 1 +l 1 ).

17. The x-ray system of claim 13 , wherein the first grating has a first surface, the plurality of first grating cells positioned between a detector and the opposing first surface, and the second grating has a second surface and an opposing third surface, the plurality of second grating cells positioned between the second surface and the opposing third surface, the first surface and the second surface separated by a distance, l 1 .

18. The x-ray system of claim 17 , wherein a distance between the detector and the first surface and a distance between the second surface and the third surface corresponds to a height, h 1 , of the grating cells.

Assignees

• Rensselaer Polytech Inst

Inventors

• Wang Ge
• Li Guang
• Cong Wenxiang

Classifications

• G01N2223/6126

  tissue · CPC title

• G01N23/201 Primary

  by measuring small-angle scattering · CPC title

• G01N23/20008 Primary

  Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical system; Accessories therefor; Preparing specimens therefor (monochromators for X- rays using crystals G21K1/06) · CPC title

• G01N2223/1016

  X-ray · CPC title

• G01N2223/313

  filters, rotating filter disc · CPC title