Lithium-ion battery and apparatus

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11271249-B2
Application number	US-201917056805-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 13, 2019
Priority date	Dec 14, 2018
Publication date	Mar 8, 2022
Grant date	Mar 8, 2022

Abstract

This application provides a lithium-ion battery and an apparatus. The lithium-ion battery includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. A positive active material of the positive electrode plate includes Li x1 Co y1 M 1-y1 O 2-z1 Q z1 , where 0.5≤x1≤1.2, 0.8≤y1<1.0, 0≤z1≤0.1, M is selected from one or more of Al, Ti, Zr, Y, and Mg, and Q is selected from one or more of F, Cl, and S. The electrolyte contains an additive A that is a polynitrile six-membered nitrogen-heterocyclic compound with a relatively low oxidation potential. The lithium-ion battery has superb cycle performance and storage performance, especially under high-temperature and high-voltage conditions.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A lithium-ion battery, comprising an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, wherein the electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator, wherein
a positive active material of the positive electrode plate comprises Li x1 Co y1 M 1-y1 O 2-z1 Q z1 , wherein 0.5≤x1≤1.2, 0.8≤y1<1.0, 0≤z1≤0.1, M is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Zr, Y, and Mg, and Q is one or more selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, and S;
the electrolyte contains an additive A with a mass percent of 0.1%-10% based on total mass of the electrolyte, the additive A being one or more selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula I-1 and Formula I-3; and

in the Formula I-1 and the Formula I-3, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 each are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C12 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C12 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C12 amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C12 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C12 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C26 aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C12 heterocyclic group, wherein a substituent group is one or more selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a nitrile group, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C2-C6 alkenyl group, and a C1-C6 alkoxy group; x, y, and z each are independently selected from integers 0-8; and m, n, and k each are independently selected from integers 0-2.

2. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein
in the Formula I-1 and the Formula I-3, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 each are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 linear or branched alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C7 cyclic alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C3 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C3 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C8 aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C7 heterocyclic group, wherein a substituent group is selected from halogen atoms;
x, y, and z each are independently selected from 0, 1, or 2; and
m, n, and k each are independently selected from 1 or 2.

3. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein
in the Formula I-1, R 1 and R 3 are same groups; and
in the Formula I-3, at least two of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are same groups.

4. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 3 , wherein
in the Formula I-1, R 1 and R 3 are both hydrogen atoms; and
in the Formula I-3, at least two of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are hydrogen atoms.

5. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 4 , wherein in the Formula I-1, R 1 , R 3 , and R 4 are all hydrogen atoms.

6. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 3 , wherein in the Formula I-1, R 1 , R 3 , and R 4 are all same groups.

7. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the additive A is one or more selected from the group consisting of the following compounds:

8. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further contains an additive B that is LiBF 4 , and based on total mass of the electrolyte, mass percent of the additive B is 0.1%-10%.

9. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 8 , wherein based on total mass of the electrolyte, mass percent of the additive B is 0.1%-5%.

10. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further contains an additive C that is one or more selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and 1,3-propane sultone, and based on the total mass of the electrolyte, mass percent of the additive C is 0.1%-10%.

11. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 10 , wherein based on the total mass of the electrolyte, mass percent of the additive C is 0.1%-5%.

12. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium-ion battery is a hard-shell lithium-ion battery or a soft-package lithium-ion battery.

13. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein an end-of-charge voltage of the lithium-ion battery is not less than 4.2 V and not greater than 4.35 V.

14. An apparatus, comprising the lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 .

15. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein based on total mass of the electrolyte, mass percent of the additive A is 0.1%-6%.

16. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein based on total mass of the electrolyte, mass percent of the additive A is 0.1%-3.5%.

17. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein an end-of-charge voltage of the lithium-ion battery is 4.35 V.

Assignees

• Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd

Inventors

• Yi Tiancheng
• Hu Chunhua
• Dou Shushi
• Jiang Yao
• Liang Chengdu

Classifications

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• C01G51/82

  Compounds containing cobalt, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• C07D241/04

  having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title