Wireless cardiac pace making

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11266840-B2
Application number	US-201916453581-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 26, 2019
Priority date	Jun 27, 2018
Publication date	Mar 8, 2022
Grant date	Mar 8, 2022

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods involving cardiac pace making are provided. Implantable wireless pace making systems, devices, and methods using electromagnetic waveforms to interact with subcutaneous implanted sensors or stimulators, or both, are described. Systems, devices, and methods can include wireless, miniaturized, battery-free, radiofrequency (RF) microwave activated, sensors or stimulators or integrated sensor/stimulators that are implanted in multiple thoracic cavity locations, and interact with a remote pace making control-module or multiple modules.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An implantable cardiac pace making system comprising:
a first biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, an antenna, an exposed electrode, a photodiode, and a varactor; and
a control module implant comprising a remote pulse generator,
wherein the photodiode is configured to receive light from a light source and turn on the varactor, such that the varactor reflects a radio-frequency (RF) signal from the control module implant,
wherein the varactor is configured to sense a biometric cardiac signal and modulate the sensed biometric cardiac signal onto a radio frequency-signal received from the control module implant,
wherein the stimulator circuitry is configured to receive power via electromagnetic RF coupling from the control module implant,
wherein the antenna is electrically connected to the stimulator circuitry and at least one of the photodiode and the varactor,
wherein the control module implant is configured to receive backscattered electromagnetic (EM) waves from the first biocompatible implant both when the photodiode is active and when the photodiode is not active, and wherein the control module implant is configured to extract an ECG signal from the received backscattered EM waves;
wherein the exposed electrode is electrically connected to the stimulator circuitry and at least one of the photodiode and the varactor; and
wherein the implantable cardiac pace making system is fully-passive.

2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a second antenna, a second exposed electrode, a second photodiode, and a second varactor; and
a third biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a third antenna, a third exposed electrode, a third photodiode, and a third varactor.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first biocompatible implant, the second biocompatible implant, and the third biocompatible implant share the antenna and a time delay circuit, the antenna and time delay circuit being composed of inductors, capacitors, and diodes, and wherein the control module implant is configured to receive a multiplexed signal from the antenna and output a time-multiplexed multi-channel output signal.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the control module implant is not physically connected to the first biocompatible implant.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor circuitry is further configured to sense a biometric cardiac signal and amplitude modulate the sensed biometric cardiac signal onto a radio frequency-signal received from the control module implant.

6. An implantable cardiac pace making system comprising:
a first biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a first exposed electrode, a first photodiode, and a first varactor;
a second biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a second exposed electrode, a second photodiode, and a second varactor;
a third biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a third exposed electrode, a third photodiode, and a third varactor; and
a control module implant comprising a remote pulse generator,
wherein the first photodiode is configured to receive light from a light source and turn on the first varactor, such that the first varactor reflects a first radio-frequency (RF) signal from the control module implant,
wherein the second photodiode is configured to receive and reflect light from the light source and turn on the second varactor, such that the second varactor reflects a second radio-frequency (RF) signal from the control module implant,
wherein the third photodiode is configured to receive and reflect light from the light source and turn on the third varactor, such that the third varactor reflects a third radio-frequency (RF) signal from the control module implant,
wherein the first varactor, the second varactor, and the third varactor are each configured to sense a biometric cardiac signal and modulate the sensed biometric cardiac signal onto a radio frequency-signal received from the control module implant,
wherein the first varactor, the second varactor, and the third varactor are each configured to receive power via electromagnetic RF coupling from the control module implant;
wherein the control module implant is configured to receive backscattered electromagnetic (EM) waves both when each of the first photodiode, the second photodiode, and the third photodiode are active, and when each of the first photodiode, the second photodiode, and the third photodiode are not active, and wherein the control module implant is configured to extract an ECG signal from the received backscattered EM waves; and
wherein the implantable cardiac pace making system is fully-passive.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the first biocompatible implant, the second biocompatible implant, and the third biocompatible implant share an antenna and a time delay circuit, the antenna and time delay circuit being composed of inductors, capacitors, and diodes, and wherein the control module implant is configured to receive a multiplexed signal from the antenna and output a time-multiplexed multi-channel output signal.

8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the control module implant is not physically connected to the first biocompatible implant.

9. The system of claim 6 , wherein the sensor circuitry of the first biocompatible implant is further configured to sense a biometric cardiac signal and amplitude module the sensed biometric cardiac signal onto a radio frequency-signal received from the control module implant.

10. An implantable cardiac pace making system comprising:
a first biocompatible implant comprising an antenna, an exposed electrode, a photodiode, and a varactor; and
a control module implant comprising a remote pulse generator,
wherein the photodiode is configured to receive light from a light source and turn on the varactor, such that the varactor reflects a radio-frequency (RF) signal from the control module implant,
wherein the varactor is configured to sense a biometric cardiac signal and modulate the sensed biometric cardiac signal onto a radio frequency-signal received from the control module implant,
wherein the antenna is electrically connected to at least one of the photodiode and the varactor,
wherein the control module implant is configured to receive backscattered electromagnetic (EM) waves from the first biocompatible implant both when the photodiode is active and when the photodiode is not active, and wherein the control module implant is configured to extract an ECG signal from the received backscattered EM waves;
wherein the exposed electrode is electrically connected to at least one of the photodiode and the varactor; and
wherein the implantable cardiac pace making system is fully-passive.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the first biocompatible implant further comprises stimulator circuitry and wherein the stimulator circuitry is configured to receive power via electromagnetic RF coupling from the control module implant.

12. The system of claim 10 , further comprising:
a second biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a second antenna, a second exposed electrode, a second photodiode, and a second varactor; and
a third biocompatible implant comprising stimulator circuitry, a third antenna, a third exposed electrode, a third photodiode, and a third varactor.

13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the first biocompatible implant, the second biocompatible implant, and the third biocompatible implant share the antenna and a time delay circuit, the antenna and time delay circuit being composed of inductors, capacitors, and di

Assignees

• Univ Arizona State

Inventors

• Chae Junseok

Classifications

• A61B5/283

  Invasive · CPC title

• A61N1/3787 Primary

  from an external energy source · CPC title

• A61N1/37205

  Microstimulators, e.g. implantable through a cannula · CPC title

• A61N1/3684 Primary

  for stimulating the heart at multiple sites of the ventricle or the atrium · CPC title

• A61N1/37223

  Circuits for electromagnetic coupling · CPC title