Radiant infrared gas burner

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11255538-B2
Application number	US-201816164368-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 18, 2018
Priority date	Feb 9, 2015
Publication date	Feb 22, 2022
Grant date	Feb 22, 2022

Abstract

Methods and devices for gas mixture combustion on a surface of a permeable matrix are provided which produce or result in surface stabilized combustion (SSC) with increasing amounts of radiation energy emitted by the matrix surface and decreasing concentrations of pollutant components in the combustion products. The gas mixture is fed to a burner that includes a permeable matrix material having a first thermal conductivity and configured to preheat the combustible gas mixture as it travels through the matrix. The burner includes a plurality of thermal elements having a thermal conductivity higher than and disposed in thermal transfer communication with the matrix base material. The permeable matrix base material forms a combustion surface with at least a portion of the thermal elements exposed above the combustion surface. The gas mixture is combusted at or near exit pores and channels formed at the permeable matrix material combustion surface.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method of burning a combustible gas mixture, the method comprising:
feeding the combustible gas mixture to a burner comprising a permeable matrix base material and a plurality of thermal elements disposed in thermal transfer communication with the permeable matrix base material, wherein the permeable matrix base material is a metal foam material, porous metal material, or a pressed metal wire material that forms a combustion surface and at least a portion of the thermal elements are in contact with the permeable matrix base material and exposed above the combustion surface, the permeable matrix base material having a first thermal conductivity and the thermal elements having a thermal conductivity higher than the permeable matrix material thermal conductivity;
preheating the combustible gas mixture as it passes through the permeable matrix material; and
combusting the preheated combustible gas mixture at or near exit pores and channels formed at the combustion surface of the permeable matrix material and between thermal elements exposed above the combustion surface;
wherein the preheating includes a combustion heat transfer to the permeable matrix base material through the thermal transfer communication with the thermal elements.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the thermal elements is at least partially disposed in the permeable matrix base material.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the permeable matrix base material comprises a metal material selected from the group consisting of chromal, kanthal, heat-resistant steel, carbide of titanium, aluminum, iron, chromium, yttrium and combinations thereof.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the thermal elements comprise a high temperature metal or metal alloy material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, graphite, chromium, iron, iridium, lithium, nickel, nickel-based alloy and combinations thereof.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the thermal elements are of a form selected from a group consisting of plates, rods, bars, rings, fins and combinations thereof.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the thermal elements are spaced apart from adjacent thermal elements by a distance of 2 millimeters to 60 millimeters.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the permeable matrix base material has an upstream matrix surface and a downstream matrix surface and wherein the thermal elements include a base end flush with the upstream matrix surface and extend for a length of 1 to 15 millimeters beyond the downstream matrix surface.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the combustion surface is at least in part coated with a coating material, the coating material having a thermal conductivity less than the permeable matrix material thermal conductivity and is optically transparent to IR radiation, and
wherein the surface of the permeable matrix base material at least in part coated with the coating material emits an increased amount of radiation energy and a decreased concentration of pollutant components in the combustion products as compared to the permeable matrix base material without the coating material;
wherein the burner comprises a ratio of thermal conductivity of the permeable matrix base material and to the coating material is from 3 to 10; and
wherein the coating material comprises a ceramic and wherein the coating is of a thickness of 10 to 500 microns and the permeable matrix base material comprises a metal material.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the at least a portion of the thermal elements exposed above the combustion surface is coated with the coating material.

10. A radiant infrared premixed gas burner, the burner comprising:
a permeable matrix base material providing surface stabilized combustion of a combustible gas mixture upon exit of the combustible mixture through pores and channels of the base material, the permeable matrix base material being a metal foam material, porous metal material, or a pressed metal wire material, and having a first thermal conductivity and configured to preheat the combustible gas mixture as it travels through the permeable matrix material; and
a plurality of thermal elements disposed in thermal transfer contact with the permeable matrix base material, wherein the permeable matrix base material forms a combustion surface and at least a portion of the thermal elements are exposed above the combustion surface, the thermal elements having a thermal conductivity higher than the permeable matrix material thermal conductivity, and the thermal elements configured to transfer thermal energy of the surface stabilized combustion to the permeable matrix base material for the preheat.

11. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 additionally comprising:
a fuel inlet for receiving a gaseous fuel;
an oxidizer inlet for receiving an oxidizer gas; and
a mixer for mixing gaseous fuel and oxidizer gas to produce a combustible gas mixture.

12. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 wherein at least one of the thermal elements is at least partially disposed in the permeable matrix base material.

13. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 12 wherein placement of the thermal elements relative to the permeable matrix is selected from one or more of the following: at least in part penetrating the matrix, flush with an upstream surface of the matrix, and protruding beyond a downstream surface of the matrix.

14. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 wherein the permeable matrix base material is of a thickness of from 5 millimeters to 30 millimeters and the thermal elements are of a thickness of from 0.1 millimeters to 5 millimeters.

15. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 wherein the thermal elements are in a form selected from a group consisting of plates, rods, bars, rings, fins and combinations thereof and the distance between adjacent thermal elements is between 2 millimeters and 60 millimeters.

16. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 wherein the thermal elements protrude beyond the combustion surface of the matrix in a height equal to 0.5-5 times the distance between elements.

17. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 wherein the permeable matrix is cylindrical with a central axis and each thermal element of the plurality of thermal elements is planar shaped and extends radially from within the permeable matrix.

18. The radiant infrared premixed gas burner of claim 10 additionally comprising a coating of a material optically transparent to IR radiation on at least a portion of a downstream surface of the permeable matrix surface and thermal elements.

19. A radiant infrared premixed gas burner, the burner comprising:
a permeable matrix base material providing surface stabilized combustion of a combustible gas mixture upon exit of the combustible mixture through pores and channels of the base material, the permeable matrix base material having a first thermal conductivity and configured to preheat the combustible gas mixture as it travels through the permeable matrix material, and
a plurality of thermal elements disposed in thermal transfer communication with the permeable matrix base material, wherein the permeable matrix base material forms a combustion surface and at least a portion of the thermal elements are exposed above the combustion surface, the thermal elements having a thermal conductivity higher than the permeable matrix material thermal conductivity, and the thermal elements configur

Assignees

• Gas Technology Inst

Inventors

• Kozlov Aleksandr
• KALENSKY David
• Khinkis Mark
• SHMELEV Vladimir
• Vasilik Nikolai

Classifications

• F23D14/151 Primary

  with radiation intensifying means other than screens or perforated plates · CPC title

• F23D14/145 Primary

  combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate · CPC title

• F23D14/02

  Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone · CPC title

• F23D14/16

  using permeable blocks · CPC title

• F23D2212/201

  Fibres · CPC title