Starting burner for a fuel cell system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11233255-B2
Application number	US-201816484842-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 8, 2018
Priority date	Feb 9, 2017
Publication date	Jan 25, 2022
Grant date	Jan 25, 2022

Abstract

The present invention concerns a starting burner ( 100 a; 100 b ) for a fuel cell system ( 1000 a; 1000 b ), having a catalyst ( 10 ) with a catalyst inlet ( 11 ) and a catalyst outlet ( 12 ), a catalyst area ( 13 ) being formed between the catalyst inlet ( 11 ) and the catalyst outlet ( 12 ), and the catalyst area ( 13 ) being surrounded by a catalyst wall ( 14 ) in a passage direction (D) from the catalyst inlet ( 11 ) to the catalyst outlet ( 12 ), and an operating fluid guide section ( 20 ) for supplying an operating fluid (F 1 ) to the catalyst inlet ( 11 ), wherein the operating fluid guide section ( 20 ) is arranged outside the catalyst ( 10 ) at least in sections along the catalyst wall ( 14 ). The invention also concerns a fuel cell system ( 1000 ) with the starting burner ( 100 a; 100 b ) and a method for heating a service fluid (F 1 ) in the fuel cell system ( 1000 a; 1000 b ).

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A starting burner for a fuel cell system, comprising:
a catalyst having a catalyst inlet and a catalyst outlet, a catalyst area being formed between the catalyst inlet and the catalyst outlet, and the catalyst area being surrounded by a catalyst wall in a passage direction from the catalyst inlet to the catalyst outlet,
an operating fluid guide section for supplying an operating fluid to the catalyst inlet,
wherein the operating fluid guide section is arranged outside the catalyst at least in sections along the catalyst wall, a deflection section formed at an end section of the operating fluid guide section directing the operating fluid into a perforated separating section, through which the operating fluid can be transferred from the operating fluid guide section in the direction of the catalyst, the perforated separation section being arranged in an operating fluid flow direction between an end section of the operating fluid guide section and the catalyst inlet and adjoining an end section of the catalyst wall,
wherein the perforated separating section is funnel-shaped and is configured with recesses regularly made in the form of holes or slots or of other types.

2. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein the operating fluid guide section specifies a guide direction for the operating fluid along the catalyst wall, the guide direction running at least in sections parallel or at an acute angle and opposite to the passage direction.

3. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst wall is configured at least in sections in the form of a hollow cylinder and the operating fluid guide section is configured at least in part annularly, at least in sections around the catalyst wall.

4. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein the operating fluid guide section is arranged at least in sections directly or substantially directly on the catalyst wall, or the catalyst wall is configured as a separation wall between the operating fluid guide section and the catalyst area.

5. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein the operating fluid guide section has a flow cross-section for guiding the operating fluid, at least one fluid guide element being configured within the flow cross-section for defined flow influencing of the operating fluid in the operating fluid guide section.

6. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein at least one fluid guide element is configured on the catalyst wall.

7. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein the perforated separating section adjoins an end section of the catalyst wall, the catalyst wall having a larger cross-section than the catalyst area in an area of the catalyst inlet, and the catalyst wall extending from this area in the passage direction at least over part of the catalyst area at a distance from the catalyst area.

8. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein the operating fluid guide section is configured at least in sections as a component of a housing body of the starting burner, the perforated separating area being configured as a component of the housing body.

9. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein at least one injector for injecting a further operating fluid into a mixing chamber of the starting burner is arranged upstream of the catalyst inlet, the mixing chamber being arranged and configured for mixing the operating fluid with the further operating fluid.

10. The starting burner according to claim 9 , wherein the mixing chamber has a deflection section for deflecting a flow direction of the operating fluid from the guide direction in the passage direction.

11. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein in that upstream of the catalyst inlet, there is arranged a heating means for heating an operating fluid mixture from the operating fluid and the further operating fluid.

12. The starting burner according to claim 11 , wherein the heating means is plate-shaped or substantially plate-shaped.

13. The starting burner according to claim 1 , wherein only an upper side of the plate-shaped heating medium (can be directly heated.

14. The starting burner according to claim 11 , wherein the heating means has an activation unit by means of which a heating operation of the heating means can be activated and deactivated.

15. A fuel cell system having a starting burner for a fuel cell system, comprising
a catalyst having a catalyst inlet and a catalyst outlet, a catalyst area being formed between the catalyst inlet and the catalyst outlet, and the catalyst area being surrounded by a catalyst wall in a passage direction from the catalyst inlet to the catalyst outlet,
an operating fluid guide section for supplying an operating fluid to the catalyst inlet, wherein the operating fluid guide section is arranged outside the catalyst at least in sections along the catalyst wall,
a deflection section formed at the end section of the operating fluid guide section directing the operating fluid into a perforated separating section, through which the operating fluid can be transferred from the operating fluid guide section in the direction of the catalyst,
the perforated separating section being arranged in an operating fluid flow direction between an end section of the operating fluid guide section and the catalyst inlet and adjoining an end section of the catalyst wall,
wherein the perforated separating section is funnel-shaped and is configured with recesses regularly made in the form of holes or slots or of other types,

further comprising an afterburner and a reformer, wherein the afterburner is arranged and configured for heating the reformer and the starting burner is arranged and configured for heating the afterburner.

16. A method for heating an operating fluid in a fuel cell system having a starting burner for a fuel cell system, comprising
a catalyst having a catalyst inlet and a catalyst outlet, a catalyst area being formed between the catalyst inlet and the catalyst outlet, and the catalyst area being surrounded by a catalyst wall in a passage direction from the catalyst inlet to the catalyst outlet,
an operating fluid guide section for supplying an operating fluid to the catalyst inlet, wherein the operating fluid guide section is arranged outside the catalyst at least in sections along the catalyst wall,
a deflection section formed at the end section of the operating fluid guide section directing the operating fluid into a perforated separating section, through which the operating fluid can be transferred from the operating fluid guide section in the direction of the catalyst,
the perforated separating section being arranged in an operating fluid flow direction between an end section of the operating fluid guide section and the catalyst inlet and adjoining an end section of the catalyst wall,
wherein the perforated separating section is funnel-shaped and is configured with recesses regularly made in the form of holes or slots or of other types,
further comprising an afterburner and a reformer, wherein the afterburner is arranged and configured for heating the reformer and the starting burner is arranged and configured for heating the afterburner, wherein the operating fluid is transferred through the operating fluid guide area ( 20 ) outside the catalyst at least in sections along the catalyst wall in the direction of the catalyst inlet.

17. A method according to claim 15 , wherein the operating fluid mixture is transferred from a mixing chamber to the heating means and from there to the catalyst.

18. A procedu

Assignees

• Avl List Gmbh
• Nissan Motor

Inventors

• Mathé Jörg
• Reissig Michael
• Krauss Thomas
• Makinson Julian
• Reiter Bernd
• Lawlor Vincent
• Yaguchi Tatsuya
• Noda Tetsushi
• Shiomi Takeshi

Classifications

• H01M8/04373

  of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners · CPC title

• F23C2900/13001

  Details of catalytic combustors · CPC title

• F23D14/66

  Preheating the combustion air or gas · CPC title

• H01M8/0618

  Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming · CPC title

• C01B3/323

  Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents · CPC title