Lithium ion batteries, electronic devices, and methods

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11217817-B2
Application number	US-201716303081-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 5, 2017
Priority date	May 31, 2016
Publication date	Jan 4, 2022
Grant date	Jan 4, 2022

Abstract

A rechargeable lithium ion battery including: a positive electrode including coated particles, wherein each particle includes a core and a coating disposed thereon, wherein the core consists of Li, M, and O, and the coating includes Li, M, O, and AI2O3; wherein: M is (Niz(Ni1/2Mn1/2)yCox)1−kAk; 0.15≤z≤0.50; 0.17≤x≤0.30; 0.35≤y≤0.75; 0<k<0.1; x+y+z=1; and A includes Al and optionally at least one additional metal dopant selected from Mg, Zr, W, Ti, Cr, V, Nb, B, and Ca, and combinations thereof; and wherein the Li and M are present in the core in a molar ratio of Li to M of at least 0.95 and no greater than 1.10; a negative electrode; and a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte including: a lithium salt; a nonaqueous solvent; and an additive mixture including: prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone; at least one compound selected from tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphite, tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate, tri-allyl phosphate, and combinations thereof; and at least one compound selected from methylene methanedisulfonate, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, and combinations thereof.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A rechargeable lithium ion battery comprising:
a positive electrode comprising coated particles, wherein each particle comprises a core and a coating disposed thereon, wherein the core consists of Li, M, and O, and the coating comprises Li, M, O, and Al 2 O 3 ;
wherein:
M is (Ni z (Ni 1/2 Mn 1/2 ) y Co x ) 1−k A k ;
0.35≤z≤0.45;
0.18≤x≤0.22;
0.4≤y≤0.6;
0.005≤k≤0.013;
x+y+z=1; and
A comprises Al and optionally at least one additional metal dopant

selected from Mg, Zr, W, Ti, Cr, V, Nb, B, and Ca, and combinations thereof; and
wherein the Li and M are present in the core in a molar ratio of Li to M of at least 0.95 and no greater than 1.10;

a negative electrode; and
a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte comprising:
a lithium salt;
a nonaqueous solvent; and
an additive mixture comprising, by weight of the nonaqueous liquid electrolyte:
0.3 wt-% to 3 wt-% prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone;
0.1 wt-% to 3 wt-% tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphite; and
0.1 wt-% to 3 wt-% methylene methanedisulfonate.

2. The battery of claim 1 wherein A is Al.

3. The battery of claim 1 wherein the core comprises at least 0.3 mol-% and up to 3 mol-% Al relative to a total amount of metal content, the Al content being determined by XPS.

4. The battery of claim 1 wherein the particle coating comprises an inner interface in contact with the core and an outer surface, wherein the outer surface comprises at least 4 mol-% Al relative to a total amount of metal content.

5. The battery of claim 4 wherein the outer surface comprises at least 6 mol-% Al and up to 10 mol-% Al relative to a total amount of metal content.

6. The battery of claim 1 wherein the coating further comprises an oxide other than alumina selected from CaO, TiO 2 , MgO, WO 3 , ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , V 2 O 5 , and combinations thereof.

7. The battery of claim 1 wherein
the Li and M are present in the core in a molar ratio of Li to M of at least 1.00 and no greater than 1.10.

8. The battery of claim 1 wherein the additive mixture comprises at least 0.1 wt-% and up to 3 wt-% by weight of the nonaqueous liquid electrolyte of at least one compound selected from tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate, tri-allyl phosphate, and combinations thereof.

9. The battery of claim 1 wherein the additive mixture comprises at least 0.1 wt-% and up to 3 wt-% by weight of the nonaqueous liquid electrolyte of 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide.

10. The battery of claim 1 wherein the coating has a total thickness of up to 400 nm.

11. The battery of claim 1 wherein the negative electrode comprises graphite, sodium carboxy-methyl-cellulose, and styrene-butadiene-rubber.

12. The battery of claim 1 wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises a carbonate solvent.

13. The battery of claim 12 wherein the nonaqueous solvent further comprises an ester solvent.

14. The battery of claim 1 which demonstrates less than 10% reduction in retained capacity after 80 cycles according to the Cycle-Store Test of Full Cell.

15. The battery of claim 1 which demonstrates a coulombic efficiency of greater than 0.998% after 16 cycles according to the Full Cell Test by Ultra High-Precision Charger.

16. An electronic device comprising a rechargeable lithium ion battery of claim 1 .

17. A method of improving the performance of a rechargeable lithium ion battery, the method comprising:
providing coated particles, each of which comprises a core and a coating disposed thereon, wherein the core consists of Li, M, and O, and the coating comprises Li, M, O, and Al 2 O 3 ;
wherein:
M is (Ni z (Ni 1/2 Mn 1/2 ) y Co x ) 1−k A k ;
0.35≤z≤0.45;
0.18≤x≤0.22;
0.4≤y≤0.6;
0.005≤k≤0.013;
x+y+z=1; and
A comprises Al and optionally at least one additional metal dopant

selected from Mg, Zr, W, Ti, Cr, V, Nb, B, and Ca, and combinations thereof; and
wherein the Li and M are present in the core in a molar ratio of Li to M of at least 0.95 and no greater than 1.10;

forming the coated particles into a positive electrode;
providing a negative electrode;
providing a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte comprising:
a lithium salt;
a nonaqueous solvent; and
an additive mixture comprising, by weight of the nonaqueous liquid electrolyte:
0.3 wt-% to 3 wt-% prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone;
0.1 wt-% to 3 wt-% tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphite; and
0.1 wt-% to 3 wt-% methylene methanedisulfonate; and

forming a rechargeable lithium ion battery comprising the positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein improving the performance of the battery results in a battery having at least one of the following:
a retained capacity of less than 10% reduction after 80 cycles according to the Cycle-Store Test of Full Cell; and
a coulombic efficiency of greater than 0.998% after 16 cycles according to the Full Cell Test by Ultra High-Precision Charger.

Assignees

• Umicore Nv

Inventors

• Dahn Jeffrey R
• Arumugam Rajalakshmi Senthil
• Paulsen Jens
• Xia Xin
• Zhang Jing

Classifications

• H01M10/48

  Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte (constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569) · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title

• C01P2002/85

  by XPS, EDX or EDAX data · CPC title