Constrained electrode assembly

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11205803-B2
Application number	US-201916257216-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 25, 2019
Priority date	Nov 15, 2017
Publication date	Dec 21, 2021
Grant date	Dec 21, 2021

Abstract

A secondary battery for cycling between a charged and a discharged state, wherein a 2D map of the median vertical position of the first opposing vertical end surface of the electrode active material in the X-Z plane, along the length LE of the electrode active material layer, traces a first vertical end surface plot, EVP1, a 2D map of the median vertical position of the first opposing vertical end surface of the counter-electrode active material layer in the X-Z plane, along the length LC of the counter-electrode active material layer, traces a first vertical end surface plot, CEVP1, wherein for at least 60% of the length Lc of the first counter-electrode active material layer (i) the absolute value of a separation distance, SZ1, between the plots EVP1 and CEVP1 measured in the vertical direction is 1000 μm≥|SZ1|≥5 μm.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A secondary battery for cycling between a charged and a discharged state, the secondary battery comprising a battery enclosure, an electrode assembly, and carrier ions within the battery enclosure, and a set of electrode constraints, wherein
(a) the electrode assembly has mutually perpendicular transverse, longitudinal and vertical axes corresponding to the x, y and z axes, respectively, of an imaginary three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system, a first longitudinal end surface and a second longitudinal end surface separated from each other in the longitudinal direction, and a lateral surface surrounding an electrode assembly longitudinal axis A EA and connecting the first and second longitudinal end surfaces, the lateral surface having opposing first and second regions on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis and separated in a first direction that is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis, the electrode assembly having a maximum width W EA measured in the longitudinal direction, a maximum length L EA bounded by the lateral surface and measured in the transverse direction, and a maximum height H EA bounded by the lateral surface and measured in the vertical direction,
(b) the electrode assembly further comprises a population of electrode structures, a population of electrode current collectors, a population of separators that are ionically permeable to the carrier ions, a population of counter-electrode structures, a population of counter-electrode collectors, and a population of unit cells wherein
(i) members of the electrode and counter-electrode structure populations are arranged in an alternating sequence in the longitudinal direction,
(ii) each member of the population of electrode structures comprises a layer of an electrode active material having a length L E that corresponds to the Feret diameter of the electrode active material layer as measured in the transverse direction between first and second opposing transverse end surfaces of the electrode active material layer, and a height H E that corresponds to the Feret diameter of the electrode active material layer as measured in the vertical direction between first and second opposing vertical end surfaces of the electrode active material layer, and a width W E that corresponds to the Feret diameter of the electrode active material layer as measured in the longitudinal direction between first and second opposing surfaces of the electrode active material layer, and each member of the population of counter-electrode structures comprises a layer of a counter-electrode active material having a length L C that corresponds to the Feret diameter of the counter-electrode active material layer as measured in the transverse direction between first and second opposing transverse end surfaces of the counter-electrode active material layer, and a height H C that corresponds to the Feret diameter of the counter-electrode active material layer as measured in the vertical direction between first and second opposing vertical end surfaces of the counter-electrode active material layer, and a width W C that corresponds to the Feret diameter of the counter-electrode active material layer as measured in the longitudinal direction between first and second opposing surfaces of the counter-electrode active material layer, and
(iii) each unit cell comprises a unit cell portion of a first member of the electrode current collector population, a member of the separator population that is ionically permeable to the carrier ions, a first electrode active material layer of one member of the electrode population, a unit cell portion of first member of the counter-electrode current collector population and a first counter-electrode active material layer of one member of the counter-electrode population, wherein (aa) the first electrode active material layer is proximate a first side of the separator and the first counter-electrode material layer is proximate an opposing second side of the separator, (bb) the separator electrically isolates the first electrode active material layer from the first counter-electrode active material layer and carrier ions are primarily exchanged between the first electrode active material layer and the first counter-electrode active material layer via the separator of each such unit cell during cycling of the battery between the charged and discharged state, and (cc) within each unit cell,
a. the first vertical end surfaces of the electrode and the counter-electrode active material layers are on the same side of the electrode assembly, a 2D map of the median vertical position of the first opposing vertical end surface of the electrode active material in the X-Z plane, along the length L E of the electrode active material layer, traces a first vertical end surface plot, E VP1 , a 2D map of the median vertical position of the first opposing vertical end surface of the counter-electrode active material layer in the X-Z plane, along the length L C of the counter-electrode active material layer, traces a first vertical end surface plot, CE VP1 , wherein for at least 60% of the length L c of the first counter-electrode active material layer (i) the absolute value of a separation distance, S Z1 , between the plots E VP1 and CE VP1 measured in the vertical direction is 1000 μm≥|S Z1 |≥5 μm, and (ii) as between the first vertical end surfaces of the electrode and counter-electrode active material layers, the first vertical end surface of the counter-electrode active material layer is inwardly disposed with respect to the first vertical end surface of the electrode active material layer, and
b. the second vertical end surfaces of the electrode and counter-electrode active material layer are on the same side of the electrode assembly, and oppose the first vertical end surfaces of the electrode and counter-electrode active material layers, respectively, a 2D map of the median vertical position of the second opposing vertical end surface of the electrode active material layer in the X-Z plane, along the length L E of the electrode active material layer, traces a second vertical end surface plot, E VP2 , a 2D map of the median vertical position of the second opposing vertical end surface of the counter-electrode active material layer in the X-Z plane, along the length L C of the counter-electrode active material layer, traces a second vertical end surface plot, CE VP2 , wherein for at least 60% of the length L C of the counter-electrode active material layer (i) the absolute value of a separation distance, S Z2 , between the plots E VP2 and CE VP2 as measured in the vertical direction is 1000 μm≥|S Z2 |≥5 μm, and (ii) as between the second vertical end surfaces of the electrode and counter-electrode active material layers, the second vertical end surface of the counter-electrode active material layer is inwardly disposed with respect to the second vertical end surface of the electrode active material layer,
(c) the set of electrode constraints comprises a primary constraint system comprising first and second primary growth constraints and at least one primary connecting member, the first and second primary growth constraints separated from each other in the longitudinal direction, and the at least one primary connecting member connecting the first and second primary growth constraints, wherein the primary constraint system restrains growth of the electrode assembly in the longitudinal direction such that any increase in the Feret diameter of the electrode assembly in the longitudinal direction over 20 consecutive cycles of the secondary battery is less than 20%, and
(d) the electrode assembly further comprises one or more carrier ion insulating material layers,
each electrode current collector of the population is electrically isolated from each counter-electrode active material layer of the population, and each counter-electrode

Assignees

• Enovix Corp

Inventors

• Busacca Robert S
• Lahiri Ashok
• Ramasubramanian Murali
• Valdes Bruno A
• Dales Gardner Cameron
• Spindt Christopher J
• Ho Geoffrey Matthew
• Rust Iii Harrold J
• Wilcox James D
• Varni John F
• Lee Kim Han
• Shah Nirav S
• Contreras Richard J
• Van Erden Lynn
• Matsubayashi Ken S
• Dalton Jeremie J
• Howard Jason Newton
• Rosen Robert Keith

Classifications

• H01M50/54

  Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges · CPC title

• H01M50/497

  Ionic conductivity · CPC title

• H01M50/491

  Porosity · CPC title

• B32B38/1875

  Tensioning · CPC title

• H01M50/531

  Electrode connections inside a battery casing · CPC title