Lithium battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11145900-B2
Application number	US-201816135420-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 19, 2018
Priority date	Feb 12, 2016
Publication date	Oct 12, 2021
Grant date	Oct 12, 2021

Abstract

A lithium battery includes a cathode including a cathode active material an anode including an anode active material and an organic electrolytic solution between the cathode and the anode, wherein the cathode includes a carbonaceous nanostructure, and the organic electrolytic solution includes a first lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a bicyclic sulfate-based compound represented by Formula 1 below:

wherein, in Formula 1, each of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 is independently a covalent bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group, a carbonyl group, or a sulfinyl group, in which both A 1 and A 2 are not a covalent bond and both A 3 and A 4 are not a covalent bond.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A lithium battery, comprising:
a cathode including a cathode active material;
an anode including an anode active material; and
an organic electrolytic solution between the cathode and the anode,
wherein:
the cathode active material includes a nickel-containing layered lithium transition metal oxide,
the cathode includes a carbonaceous nanostructure, the carbonaceous nanostructure having an average length of 50 μm to about 200 μm, an amount of the carbonaceous nanostructure being about 0.5 wt % to about 5 wt % based on a total weight of the cathode,
the organic electrolytic solution includes a first lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a bicyclic sulfate-based compound represented by Formula 1 below:

in Formula 1, each of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 is independently a covalent bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group, a carbonyl group, or a sulfinyl group, provided that A 1 and A 2 are not simultaneously a covalent bond and provided that A 3 and A 4 are not simultaneously a covalent bond, and
an amount of the bicyclic sulfate-based compound is from about 0.4 wt % to about 5 wt % based on a total weight of the organic electrolytic solution.

2. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 is an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group, wherein a substituent of the substituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group is a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkynyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 20 cycloalkenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 20 heterocyclic group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 40 aryl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 40 heteroaryl group, or a polar functional group having at least one heteroatom.

3. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the substituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group is substituted with a polar functional group including at least one heteroatom, wherein the polar functional group is —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —C(═O)OR 16 , —OR 16 , —OC(═O)OR 16 , —R 15 OC(═O)OR 16 , —C(═O)R 16 , —R 15 C(═O)R 16 , —OC(═O)R 16 , —R 15 OC(═O)R 16 , —C(═O)—O—C(═O)R 16 , —R 15 C(═O)—O—C(═O)R 16 , —SR 16 , —R 15 SR 16 , —SSR 16 , —R 15 SSR 16 , —S(═O)R 16 , —R 15 S(═O)R 16 , —R 15 C(═S)R 16 , —R 15 C(═S)SR 16 , —R 15 SO 3 R 16 , —SO 3 R 16 , —NNC(═S)R 16 , —R 15 NNC(═S)R 16 , —R 15 N═C═S, —NCO, —R 15 —NCO, —NO 2 , —R 15 NO 2 , —R 15 SO 2 R 16 , —SO 2 R 16 ,

wherein, in the formulae above, each of R 11 and R 15 is independently a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 20 alkylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkenylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkynylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 40 arylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 40 heteroarylene group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 15 alkylarylene group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 15 aralkylene group; and
each of R 12 , R 13 , R 14 and R 16 is independently hydrogen, a halogen, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkynyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 40 aryl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 40 heteroaryl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 15 alkylaryl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 15 trialkylsilyl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 15 aralkyl group.

4. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 is an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group, wherein a substituent of the substituted C 1 -C 5 alkylene group is a halogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a tetrafluoroethyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a tetrafluorophenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, or a pyridinyl group.

5. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bicyclic sulfate-based compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 2 or 3:

wherein, in Formulae 2 and 3, each of B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , D 1 , and D 2 is independently —C(E 1 )(E 2 )-, a carbonyl group, or a sulfinyl group; and
each of E 1 and E 2 is independently hydrogen, a halogen, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 alkynyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 20 cycloalkenyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 20 heterocyclic group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 40 aryl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 40 heteroaryl group.

6. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 5 , wherein each of E 1 and E 2 is independently hydrogen, a halogen, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 40 aryl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 40 heteroaryl group.

7. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 5 , wherein each of E 1 and E 2 is independently hydrogen, fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a tetrafluoroethyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a tetrafluorophenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, or a pyridinyl group.

8. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bicyclic sulfate-based compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 4 or 5:

wherein, in Formulae 4 and 5, each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 25 , R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 is independently hydrogen, a halogen, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 40 aryl group, or a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 40 heteroaryl group.

9. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 8 , wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 25 , R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 is independently hydrogen, F, Cl, Br, I, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a tetrafluoroethyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a tetrafluorophenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, or a pyridinyl group.

10. The lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bicyclic sulfate-based compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by one of Formulae 6 to 17 below:

Assignees

• Samsung Sdi Co Ltd

Inventors

• Son Miyoung
• Kim Kyoungsoo
• Kim Yunhee
• Kim Jaehong
• Ra Hana
• Ryu Suyeol
• Jeong Myunghwan
• Choi Sunjoo
• Woo Myungheui
• Lee Seungtae
• Lee Harim
• Cha Siyoung

Classifications

• H01M10/052

  Li-accumulators · CPC title

• B82Y30/00

  Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites · CPC title

• H01M4/131

  Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx · CPC title

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title