Methods for driving electro-optic displays

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11145261-B2
Application number	US-202016854045-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 21, 2020
Priority date	Feb 1, 2012
Publication date	Oct 12, 2021
Grant date	Oct 12, 2021

Abstract

A variety of methods for driving electro-optic displays so as to reduce visible artifacts are described. Such methods include (a) applying a first drive scheme to a non-zero minor proportion of the pixels of the display and a second drive scheme to the remaining pixels, the pixels using the first drive scheme being changed at each transition; (b) using two different drive schemes on different groups of pixels so that pixels in differing groups undergoing the same transition will not experience the same waveform; (c) applying either a balanced pulse pair or a top-off pulse to a pixel undergoing a white-to-white transition and lying adjacent a pixel undergoing a visible transition; (d) driving extra pixels where the boundary between a driven and undriven area would otherwise fall along a straight line; and (e) driving a display with both DC balanced and DC imbalanced drive schemes, maintaining an impulse bank value for the DC imbalance and modifying transitions to reduce the impulse bank value.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method of driving an electro-optic display having a plurality of pixels each of which can be driven using either a first or a second drive scheme, wherein the first drive scheme is a global complete drive scheme, in which a drive voltage is applied to every pixel, is effected by dividing the pixels of the display into at least two groups, and a different drive scheme is used for each group, the drive schemes differing from each other such that, for at least one transition, pixels in differing groups with the same transition between optical states will not experience the same waveform.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the pixel groupings and the waveforms used are adjusted between successive image updates using the global complete drive scheme.

3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the pixels are divided into two groups on a checkerboard grid, with pixels of one parity assigned to a first class and the pixels of the other parity assigned to a second class, the pixels undergoing white-to-white transitions being driven by a waveform which drives the pixel black at an intermediate point, the white-to-white waveforms of the two classes being chosen such that they are offset in time such that the two classes are never in a black state at the same time.

4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the pixels undergoing white-to-white transitions are driven using a balanced pulse pair waveform comprising two rectangular voltage pulses of equal impulse but opposite polarity, and the waveform for one class of pixels is delayed by the duration of a single pulse relative to the other class of pixels.

5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said at least one transition comprises at least one mid-gray to mid-gray transition, wherein the two mid-gray levels may be same or different, and two different single rail bounce waveforms are used for differing groups of pixels undergoing this transition, one waveform driving the pixel from the mid-gray level to white and back to mid-gray, while the other waveform drives the pixel the mid-gray level to black and then back to mid-gray.

6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the division of the pixels into classes is arranged so that at least one transitory monochrome image is displayed during the update.

7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the at least one transitory monochrome image comprises at least one of a monochrome checkerboard, a company logo, a stripe, a clock, a page number or an Escher print.

8. A method of driving an electro-optic display having a plurality of pixels wherein, in a pixel undergoing a white-to-white transition and lying adjacent at least one other pixel undergoing a readily visible transition, there is applied to the pixel one or more balanced pulse pairs, wherein each balanced pulse pair comprises a pair of drive pulses of opposing polarities such that the net impulse of the balanced pulse pair is substantially zero.

9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the balanced pulse pairs are applied to at least some pixels undergoing a white-to-white transition and having at least one of its eight neighbors undergoing a (not white)-to-white transition.

10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the proportion of pixels to which the balanced pulse pairs are applied in any one transition is limited to a predetermined proportion of the total number of pixels.

11. A method of driving an electro-optic display having a plurality of pixels wherein, in a pixel undergoing a white-to-white transition and lying adjacent at least one other pixel undergoing a readily visible transition, there is applied to the pixel at least one top-off pulse having a polarity which drives the pixel towards its white state.

12. A method according to claim 11 wherein the at least one top-off pulse is applied to at least some pixels undergoing a white-to-white transition and having at least one of its eight neighbors undergoing a (not white)-to-white transition.

13. A method according to claim 11 wherein the proportion of pixels to which the at least one top-off pulse is applied in any one transition is limited to a predetermined proportion of the total number of pixels.

14. A method of driving an electro-optic display having a plurality of pixels, wherein, when a plurality of pixels lying in a first area of the display are driven so as to change their optical state, and a plurality of pixels lying in a second area of the display are not required to change their optical state, the first and second areas being contiguous along a straight line, a two-stage drive scheme is used wherein, in the first stage, a number of pixels lying within the second area and adjacent said straight line in fact driven to the same color as the pixels in the first area adjacent the straight line, while in the second stage, both the pixels in the first area, and said number of pixels in the second area are driven to their final optical states.

15. A method of driving an electro-optic display using a DC balanced drive scheme and at least one DC imbalanced drive scheme, the method comprising:
maintaining an impulse bank register containing one value for each pixel of the display, the absolute value of the register value for any pixel not being allowed to exceed a predetermined amount;
when a pixel undergoes a transition using a DC imbalanced drive scheme, adjusting the impulse bank register for the relevant pixel to allow for the DC imbalanced thus introduced;
when the impulse bank register value for any pixel is non-zero, conducting at least one subsequent transition of the pixel using a waveform which differs from the corresponding waveform of the DC balanced drive scheme and which reduces the absolute value of the register value.

16. A method according to claim 15 wherein non-zero impulse bank register values are arranged to be reduced with time.

Assignees

• E Ink Corp

Inventors

• Amundson Karl Raymond
• Aprea Matthew J
• Crounse Kenneth R
• Harrington Demetrious Mark
• Lin Jason
• Sjodin Theodore A
• Su Chia-Chen

Classifications

• G09G3/344 Primary

  based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices (electrophoretic devices per se G02F1/167) · CPC title

• G09G2310/062

  Waveforms for resetting a plurality of scan lines at a time · CPC title

• G09G2320/0257

  Reduction of after-image effects · CPC title

• G09G2310/063

  Waveforms for resetting the whole screen at once · CPC title

• G09G2310/068

  Application of pulses of alternating polarity prior to the drive pulse in electrophoretic displays · CPC title