Aircraft filter system with airspeed compensation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11117677-B2
Application number	US-201815964774-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 27, 2018
Priority date	Apr 28, 2017
Publication date	Sep 14, 2021
Grant date	Sep 14, 2021

Abstract

A system and method of compensating for airspeed when measuring pressure drop across a filter system on an aircraft may include a pressure compensator, an internal pressure sensor, and an external pressure sensor. A filter media may be located around a housing such that air flows through the filter media into a clean air space defined by the filter media and the housing. The pressure compensator may be located outside of the clean air space and within an airstream of the aircraft. The internal pressure sensor may be configured to measure an internal pressure that varies with airspeed and the external pressure sensor may be located on the pressure compensator to measure an external pressure. The external pressure sensor may be positioned such that the external pressure varies according to a known relationship relative to the internal pressure as the airspeed of the aircraft changes.

First claim

What is claimed:

1. A method of compensating for airspeed when measuring pressure drop across a filter system mounted on an aircraft, wherein the filter system comprises a housing and filter media defining a clean air space into which air flows through the filter media, the method comprising:
measuring an internal pressure within the clean air space, wherein the internal pressure varies as the airspeed changes;
measuring an external pressure on the aircraft outside of the clean air space, wherein the external pressure is measured at an external location selected such that the external pressure varies as the airspeed changes and provides a known relationship relative to the internal pressure as the airspeed changes; and
providing an alert in the aircraft indicative of filter restriction when a pressure differential between the internal pressure and the external pressure deviates by a selected amount.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method comprises adjusting the selected amount based at least in part on the known relationship.

3. The method as in any one of claims 1 and 2 , wherein the alert indicative of filter restriction is provided over a selected range of airspeeds.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the external location is selected such that the known relationship between the internal pressure and the external pressure is proportional over the selected range of airspeeds.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the external location is disposed on a pressure compensator located outside of the clean air space and within an airstream of the aircraft.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the pressure compensator defines a cross-sectional shape selected from the group consisting of circular, elliptical, semi-circular, and airfoil.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing an alert in the aircraft indicative of filter restriction comprises using a pressure switch to determine when the internal pressure deviates by the selected amount from the known relationship.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the pressure switch provides a signal when the internal pressure deviates by the selected amount from the known relationship.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the internal pressure is measured at an internal location and the external pressure is measured at the external location, wherein the internal and external locations are across the filter media from one another and proximate a similar location of the housing.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the internal pressure comprises using an internal pressure port within the clean air space and measuring the external pressure comprises using an external pressure port outside of the clean air space, wherein the method further comprises measuring the pressure differential between the internal pressure port and the external pressure port.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the external pressure is measured proximate the filter media outside of the clean air space.

12. A filter system mounted on an aircraft, wherein the filter system comprises:
a housing extending between a first end portion and a second end portion and defining a clean air space, wherein the housing defines a clean air port proximate the second end portion of the housing for coupling to an air intake;
filter media located around the housing such that air flows through the filter media into the clean air space;
a pressure compensator located outside of the clean air space and within an airstream of the aircraft, wherein the pressure compensator is configured to compensate for airspeed of the aircraft;
an internal pressure sensor located within the clean air space and configured to measure an internal pressure in the clean air space, wherein the internal pressure varies as the airspeed changes; and
an external pressure sensor located at an external position on the pressure compensator and configured to measure an external pressure outside of the clean air space, wherein the external pressure measured at the external position varies according to a known relationship relative to the internal pressure as the airspeed changes.

13. The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the pressure compensator is coupled to the housing and protrudes from the housing.

14. The filter system of claim 13 , wherein the pressure compensator defines a cross-sectional shape selected from the group consisting of circular, elliptical, semi-circular, and airfoil.

15. The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the filter system is configured to provide an alert indicative of filter restriction when a pressure differential between the internal pressure and the external pressure deviates by a selected amount from the known relationship.

16. The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the internal pressure sensor is proximate an internal location and the external pressure sensor is proximate the external location, wherein the internal and external locations are across the filter media from one another and proximate a similar location of the housing.

17. The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the internal pressure sensor comprises an internal pressure port within the clean air space and the external pressure sensor comprises an external pressure port outside of the clean air space, wherein a pressure differential is measured between the internal pressure port and the external pressure port.

18. The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the external pressure sensor is positioned such that the known relationship between the internal pressure and the external pressure is proportional over a selected range of airspeeds.

19. The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the external pressure sensor is positioned such that the known relationship between the internal pressure and the external pressure is a known function over the selected range of airspeeds.

20. The filter system of claim 12 , further comprising a grate proximate the first end portion of the housing and defining grate openings within the grate through which air passes when passing into the clean air space through the first end portion of the housing.

21. The filter system of claim 20 , wherein the system comprises struts extending between the first and second end portions, wherein the struts support the grate and are configured to transfer forces incident on the grate to the aircraft in place of the housing of the filter system.

22. An aircraft comprising:
a fuselage defining a forward direction;
an aircraft engine operably coupled to the fuselage, wherein the aircraft defines an air intake for receiving intake air; and
a filter system according to claim 12 coupled to the air intake, wherein air passing through the filter system enters the air intake during operation of the aircraft.

Assignees

• Donaldson Co Inc

Inventors

• Boyce Mark E
• Brown Matthew A

Classifications

• B01D46/71

  with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air · CPC title

• B64C27/04

  Helicopters · CPC title

• F02C7/05

  having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles · CPC title

• F02C7/052

  with dust-separation devices · CPC title

• B64D33/02 Primary

  of combustion air intakes · CPC title