3D navigation of nanoparticles via induction of metastable diamagnetic response

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11110052-B2
Application number	US-201916417898-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 21, 2019
Priority date	Sep 14, 2018
Publication date	Sep 7, 2021
Grant date	Sep 7, 2021

Abstract

Methods and devices for three-dimensional navigation of magnetic nanoparticles are provided. A method can comprise introducing high-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to a mammal and directing the high-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles towards a target region of the mammal. Direction control is achieved by subjecting the high-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to an alternating signal comprising a uniform magnetic field pulse having a strength greater than a coercivity of the high-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles and a magnetic gradient pulse having a highest strength that is less than the coercivity of the high-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles and a location of a lowest strength at the target region of the mammal, and the direction of the uniform magnetic field pulse being in an opposite direction of the magnetic gradient pulse.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method of three-dimensional navigation of magnetic nanoparticles, the method comprising:
introducing low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to a mammal; and
directing the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles towards a target region of the mammal by:
subjecting the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to an alternating signal comprising a uniform magnetic field pulse having a strength greater than a coercivity of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles and a magnetic gradient pulse having an initial location of a lowest strength at the target region of the mammal,

the direction of the uniform magnetic field pulse being opposite of the direction of magnetic gradient pulse.

2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising adjusting a spin relaxation time of a low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticle of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising adjusting a size of the of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticle.

3. The method according to claim 2 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising adjusting a spin relaxation time of a low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticle comprising adjusting a strength of the magnetic gradient pulse.

5. The method according to claim 4 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

6. The method according to claim 1 , a time duration of the uniform magnetic field pulse being equal to a time duration of the magnetic gradient pulse.

7. The method according to claim 6 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

8. The method according to claim 1 , a respective time duration of each of the uniform magnetic field pulse and the magnetic gradient pulse being dependent upon a spin relaxation time at a particular strength of the magnetic gradient pulse.

9. The method according to claim 8 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

10. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
altering a direction of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles by adjusting the location of the lowest strength of the magnetic gradient pulse.

11. The method according to claim 10 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

12. The method according to claim 1 , the uniform magnetic field pulse and the magnetic gradient pulse being applied by an electromagnet comprising a conductive wire wrapped in a coil.

13. The method according to claim 12 , the conductive wire being wrapped around a magnetic core.

14. The method according to claim 12 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

15. The method according to claim 1 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

16. The method according to claim 1 , a time duration of the uniform magnetic field pulse being equal to a time duration required for the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to physically rotate 180 degrees inside the mammal.

17. The method according to claim 16 , a time duration of the magnetic gradient pulse being equal to the time duration required for the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to physically rotate 180 degrees inside the mammal.

18. The method according to claim 17 , the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron.

19. The method according to claim 1 , a time duration of the magnetic gradient pulse being equal to a time duration required for the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to physically rotate 180 degrees inside the mammal.

20. A method of three-dimensional navigation of magnetic nanoparticles, the method comprising:
introducing low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to a mammal; and
directing the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles towards a target region of the mammal by:
subjecting the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to an alternating signal comprising a uniform magnetic field pulse having a strength greater than a coercivity of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles and a magnetic gradient pulse having an initial location of a lowest strength at the target region of the mammal,

the direction of the uniform magnetic field pulse being opposite of the direction of magnetic gradient pulse,
adjusting a spin relaxation time of a low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticle of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising adjusting a size of the of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticle and a strength of the magnetic gradient pulse,
the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles comprising iron,
a time duration of the uniform magnetic field pulse being equal to a time duration of the magnetic gradient pulse,
the time duration of the uniform magnetic field pulse and the time duration of the magnetic gradient pulse being dependent upon a spin relaxation time at a particular strength of the magnetic gradient pulse,
the method further comprising altering a direction of the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles by adjusting the location of the lowest strength of the magnetic gradient pulse,
the uniform magnetic field pulse and the magnetic gradient pulse being applied by an electromagnet comprising a conductive wire wrapped in a coil,
the conductive wire being wrapped around a magnetic core,
the time duration of the uniform magnetic field pulse being equal to a time duration required for the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to physically rotate 180 degrees inside the mammal, and
the time duration of the magnetic gradient pulse being equal to the time duration required for the low-anisotropy magnetic nanoparticles to physically rotate 180 degrees inside the mammal.

Assignees

• Khizroev Sakhrat
• Stewart Tiffanie
• Nagesetti Abhignyan
• The Florida International Univ Board Of Trustees

Inventors

• Khizroev Sakhrat
• Stewart Tiffanie
• Nagesetti Abhignyan

Classifications

• A61B5/0515 Primary

  Magnetic particle imaging · CPC title

• A61K9/0009 Primary

  involving or responsive to electricity, magnetism or acoustic waves; Galenical aspects of sonophoresis, iontophoresis, electroporation or electroosmosis · CPC title

• A61B5/0042

  for the brain · CPC title

• A61K41/00

  Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation {; Therapies using these preparations} · CPC title

• A61B5/055

  involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging · CPC title