Method of compacting ash deposited in a particulate filter by providing a low-temperature melting salt to said filter

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11098624-B2
Application number	US-201816477313-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 23, 2018
Priority date	Feb 3, 2017
Publication date	Aug 24, 2021
Grant date	Aug 24, 2021

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of compacting an ash deposited in a particulate filter for a vehicle exhaust gas system, the method includes the steps of: a) providing a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter, thereby forming a mixture of the ash and the low-temperature melting salt: and b) heating the particulate filter to a compaction temperature, thereby compacting the mixture of the ash and the low-temperature melting salt. The disclosure further relates to engine oils, dosage products, engine systems and vehicles for implementing such a method.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A low-temperature melting salt dosage product comprising a low-temperature melting salt comprising at least one cationic component and at least one anionic component, wherein the at least one cationic component is lithium (Li + ), sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), rubidium (Rb + ), caesium (Cs + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ) or ammonium (NH 4 + ) ion, and the at least one anionic component is fluoride (F − ), chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), iodide (I − ), nitrate (NO 3 − ), or sulphate (SO 4 2− ) ion, where the low-temperature melting salt is dispersed in a solid material, wherein the low-temperature melting salt dosage product is used to compact ash in a particulate filter of a vehicle exhaust gas system associated with an internal combustion engine.

2. The low-temperature melting salt dosage product according to claim 1 , wherein the solid material has a melting point that is a temperature in a range of 50° C. to 100° C.

3. The low-temperature melting salt dosage product according to claim 1 , wherein the solid material has a melting point that is a temperature above 100° C.

4. An oil for use as a lubricant in a combustion engine, wherein when the oil is consumed in the combustion engine, the oil releases low-temperature melting salt into a vehicle exhaust gas system associated with the combustion engine, where the low-temperature melting salt is used to compact ash in a particulate filter of the vehicle exhaust gas system, the oil comprising:
a base lubrication oil; and
a low-temperature melting salt dispersed in the base lubrication oil, the low temperature melting salt comprising at least one cationic component and at least one anionic component, wherein the at least one cationic component lithium (Li + ), sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), rubidium (Rb + ), caesium (Cs + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ) or ammonium (NH 4 + ) ion, and the at least one anionic component is fluoride (F − ), chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), iodide (I − ), nitrate (NO 3 − ), or sulphate (SO 4 2− ) ion, wherein when heated releases the low-temperature melting salt into the exhaust gas system and is thereby used to compact ash in the particulate filter of the exhaust system.

5. The oil according to claim 4 , wherein the base lubrication oil is a multi-grade synthetic oil.

6. A method of compacting an ash deposited in a particulate filter for a vehicle exhaust gas system associated with a combustion engine, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter via the vehicle exhaust gas system during an operation of the combustion engine, whereby the low-temperature melting salt forms a mixture with the ash in the particulate filter,
wherein the low-temperature melting salt comprises at least one cationic component and at least one anionic component, wherein the at least one cationic component is lithium (Li + ), sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), rubidium (Rb + ), caesium (Cs + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ) or ammonium (NH 4 + ) ion, and the at least one anionic component is fluoride (F − ), chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), iodide (I − ), nitrate (NO 3 − ), or sulphate (SO 4 2− ) ion; and

b) heating the particulate filter, by at least one of raising a temperature of an exhaust steam or using a heating element, to a selected compaction temperature, at which selected compaction salt the mixture of the ash and the low-temperature melting salt to compact in the particulate filter.

7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the step a) of providing a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter via the vehicle exhaust gas system is achieved by at least one of the following operations upstream of the particulate filter when the combustion engine is in operation:
dosing the low-temperature melting salt to an oil used in a combustion engine associated with the vehicle exhaust gas system;
dosing the low-temperature melting salt to a fuel used in the combustion engine;
dosing the low-temperature melting salt to an intake air used in the combustion engine; or
dosing the low-temperature melting salt to the vehicle exhaust gas system upstream of the particulate filter,
such that when the combustion engine is in operation, the low-temperature melting salt is thereby provided to the particulate filter via the vehicle exhaust gas system.

8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein providing a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter comprises providing the low-temperature melting salt via the vehicle exhaust gas system when the combustion engine is in operation as a powder, a solid-in-solid dispersion, a solid-in-liquid dispersion, and/or a molten salt.

9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein providing a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter comprises providing the low-temperature melting salt which has a melting point temperature that is a temperature in a range of 100° C. to 1000° C.

10. The method according to claim 6 , wherein providing a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter comprises providing the low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter in an amount in a range of 0.2 weight % to 20 weight %, relative to the dry weight of uncompacted ash deposited in the particulate filter.

11. The method according to claim 6 , wherein heating the particulate filter to the selected compaction temperature comprises heating the particulate filter to a temperature selected from a range of 300° C. to 700° C.

12. The method according to claim 6 , wherein heating the particulate filter to the selected compaction temperature comprises heating the particulate filter to a temperature temperature selected from a range of 400° C. to 500° C.

13. A vehicle comprising: an internal combustion engine; an exhaust gas system arranged to convey exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas system comprising a particulate filter for trapping ash and/or soot dispersed in the exhaust gases; and an oil for use as a lubricant in the internal combustion engine, said oil comprising:
a base lubrication oil; and
a low-temperature melting salt dispersed in the base lubrication oil, the low-temperature melting salt comprising at least one cationic component and at least one anionic component, wherein the at least one cationic component is lithium (Li + ), sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), rubidium (Rb + ), caesium (Cs + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ) or ammonium (NH 4 + ) ion, and the at least one anionic component is fluoride (F − ), chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), iodide (I − ), nitrate (NO 3 − ), or sulphate (SO 4 2− ) ion, wherein when heated releases the low-temperature melting salt into the exhaust gas system and is thereby used to compact ash in the particulate filter of the exhaust system.

14. An engine system for a vehicle, the engine system comprising:
an internal combustion engine arranged to be operated by combustion of a fuel in intake air, arranged to be lubricated by means of an engine oil, and arranged to generate exhaust gases upon combustion of a fuel;
a fuel supply system arranged to convey the fuel to the internal combustion engine;
an air intake system arranged to convey intake air to the internal combustion engine;
a lubrication system arranged to convey the engine oil to the internal combustion engine;
an exhaust gas system arranged to convey the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas system comprising a particulate filter for trapping ash and/or soot dispersed in the exhaust gases; and
a salt dosing unit arranged to provide a low-temperature melting salt to the particulate filter, where

Assignees

• Scania Cv Ab

Inventors

• Eriksson Henrik
• Regali Francesco
• Berger Mattias
• Raymand David
• Nylèn Ulf
• Carlsson Joel

Classifications

• B01D46/66

  Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter (B01D46/04, B01D46/48 take precedence) · CPC title

• B01D46/82

  with catalysts · CPC title

• F01N9/00 Primary

  Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus (monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus F01N11/00; conjoint electrical control of two or more combustion engine functions F02D43/00) · CPC title

• F01N2430/04

  by adding non-fuel substances to combustion air or fuel, e.g. additives · CPC title

• F01N3/0232 Primary

  removing incombustible material from a particle filter, e.g. ash · CPC title