Automatic transfer switch device health monitoring

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11073560-B2
Application number	US-201916722967-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 20, 2019
Priority date	Sep 23, 2016
Publication date	Jul 27, 2021
Grant date	Jul 27, 2021

Abstract

A method includes measuring, by at least one processor, a time at which control circuitry sends an instruction to a switch structured to control transmission of electrical power. The method further includes sensing, by at least one sensor, a change in position of the switch in response to the instruction, and determining, by the at least one processor, a delay between the time at which the control circuitry sends the instruction and a time at which the change in position occurs. The method still further includes recording, by the at least one processor, the delay in a delay measurement queue and taking, by the at least one processor, an action with respect to the switch in response to the delay measurement queue.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method, comprising:
measuring, by at least one processor, a time at which control circuitry sends an instruction to a switch structured to control transmission of electrical power;
sensing, by at least one sensor, a change in position of the switch in response to the instruction;
determining, by the at least one processor, at least one delay between the time at which the control circuitry sends the instruction and a time at which the change in position occurs;
recording, by the at least one processor, the at least one delay in a delay measurement queue;
performing a first comparison between an average value of a plurality of delays recorded in the measurement queue and a reference delay value; and
determining whether to take an action with respect to the switch in response to the first comparison, the action comprising transmitting a notification to a user,
wherein the reference delay value is adjusted by an open delay extension limit.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining, by the at least one processor, the average value of all measured delays in the delay measurement queue.

3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
comparing, by the at least one processor, the average value of all measured delays in the delay measurement queue to the reference delay value.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein taking the action with respect to the switch further comprises:
generating the notification upon determining that a difference between the average value and the reference delay value exceeds the open delay extension limit.

5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising adjusting the reference delay value by open delay extension limit.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
adjusting, by the at least one processor, at least one delay between the time at which the control circuitry sends the instruction and the time at which the change in position occurs by a debounce value before recording the at least one delay in the delay measurement queue,
wherein the control circuitry comprises the at least one processor.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the switch is a circuit breaker or an automatic transfer switch.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
comparing the position of the switch to an indication of a position of at least one contact thereon.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein recording the delay comprises:
replenishing the delay measurement queue by discarding an oldest measured delay value upon recording a newest measured delay value.

10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising initiating and terminating, by a timer, measurement of the at least one delay within a predetermined latency time.

11. An automatic transfer switch, comprising:
a first movable contact member at a first location;
at least one sensor configured to sense a change in position of the first movable contact member from the first location; and
a circuit configured to
determine a delay between a time at which at least the first movable contact member is instructed to move and a time at which the change in position from the first location occurs;
record the delay in a delay measurement queue; and
take an action with respect to the automatic transfer switch in response to the delay measurement queue, and
wherein the circuit comprises a timer configured to initiate and terminate measurement of the delay within a predetermined latency time.

12. The automatic transfer switch of claim 11 , further comprising:
a second movable contact member at a second location,
wherein the at least one sensor is further configured to sense a change in position of the second movable contact member from the second location, and
wherein the circuit is configured to determine another delay between a time at which at least the second movable contact member is instructed to move and a time at which the change in position from the second location occurs, and record the another delay in another delay measurement queue.

13. The automatic transfer switch of claim 11 , wherein the circuit is further configured to:
receive information from the sensor indicative of the position of the first movable contact member; and
update a record indicative of a status of the first movable contact member in response to the information received from the sensor.

14. The automatic transfer switch of claim 11 , wherein the circuit is further configured to:
record a plurality of delays in the delay measurement queue; and
perform a first comparison between an average value of the plurality of delays in the delay measurement queue to a calibrated value,
wherein taking the action in response to the first comparison comprises transmitting a notification to a user.

15. The automatic transfer switch of claim 14 , wherein the circuit is further configured to perform a second comparison, the second comparison being a comparison of a median value of the plurality of delays in the delay measurement queue to the average value of the plurality of delays in the delay measurement queue, and to determine whether to transmit the notification to the user in response to the second comparison.

16. The automatic transfer switch of claim 11 , further comprising:
a solenoid permitting movement of the first movable contact member at the first location,
wherein the circuit is configured to predict a failure of the automatic transfer switch in response to at least one electrical characteristic of the solenoid.

17. An apparatus, comprising:
control circuitry configured to sense a position of a contact of a switch, and to deliver an instruction to the switch, the switch being structured to control transmission of electrical power, wherein the instruction is configured to effectuate a change in the position of the contact of the switch; and
a timer configured to measure respective deviations between times at which the switch receives the instruction and times at which the position changes;
wherein the control circuitry is configured to
record the respective deviations in a queue;
perform a first comparison between an average value of the deviations in the queue and a calibrated value, and
determine whether to transmit a notification to a user in response to the measured respective deviations in response to the first comparison,

wherein the calibrated value is adjusted by an open delay extension limit.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein:
the control circuitry is configured to set an initial value of each deviation to the calibrated value.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the control circuitry is configured to compare a position of the contact of the switch to an indication of the position of the contact received by the control circuitry.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the timer ceases measurement of the respective deviations upon a determination by the control circuitry that the contact incorrectly indicates whether the switch is opened or closed.

21. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the control circuitry is configured to record a finite number of deviations in a given time period and to discard a record of a prior measured deviation upon generating a record of a subsequent measured deviation.

22. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising the switch, wherein the switch is structured to control transmission of electrical power between a generator set and an electrical grid.

Assignees

• Cummins Power Generation Ip

Inventors

• Yan Jiaxiang
• Dye Brian G

Classifications

• H02J9/06

  with automatic change-over {, e.g. UPS systems} · CPC title

• H02J9/068

  Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection · CPC title

• G01R31/3333 Primary

  Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor · CPC title

• H02J9/061

  for DC powered loads · CPC title

• H01H11/0062

  Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity (monitoring contacts H01H1/0015; monitoring gas density H01H33/563; monitoring vacuum H01H33/668; calibrating H01H69/01; adjusting H01H71/74; testing of electrical properties G01R31/333) · CPC title