Building controller for optimizing equipment upgrades with design of experiments

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11042924-B2
Application number	US-201715456180-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 10, 2017
Priority date	Mar 10, 2017
Publication date	Jun 22, 2021
Grant date	Jun 22, 2021

Abstract

A building management includes building equipment operable to affect a variable state or condition of a building and a controller. The controller is configured to identify one or more facility improvement measures (FIMS), each of the FIMS representing a potential upgrade or addition to the building equipment. The controller is further configured to perform a design of experiments analysis to determine a plurality of combinations of the FIMS, each combination including one or more of the FIMS and a level for each FIM in the combination. The controller is configured to generate an objective function based on the combinations of the FIMS. The objective function indicates an economic value as a function of the FIMS and optimize the objective function to determine an optimal combination of the FIMS.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A building management system comprising:
building equipment operable to affect an environmental condition of a building; and
a controller configured to:
identify one or more facility improvement measures (FIMS), each of the FIMS representing a potential upgrade or addition to the building equipment;
perform a design of experiments analysis to determine a plurality of discrete combinations of the FIMS, each discrete combination comprising one or more of the FIMS and a discrete level for each FIM in the combination;
generate an operating expense model by determining an operating cost for each discrete combination of the FIMS and performing a regression using the operating costs, wherein the operating expense model is a continuous model that predicts operating cost as a function of a continuous input representing a level of a FIM between or beyond the discrete levels;
generate an objective function comprising the operating expense model and a capital expense model, wherein the objective function indicates an economic value as a function of the FIMS and quantifies a cost of energy consumption, wherein adjusting the level of the FIM decreases the operating cost defined by the operating expense model while increasing a capital cost defined by the capital expense model; and
optimize the objective function to determine an optimal combination of the FIMS to make a modification to the building equipment.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the combinations of the FIMS determined by the controller comprise each possible combination of each FIM and each FIM level;
wherein the controller is configured to select one or more levels for each FIM based on an output response of the FIM.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine an output response for each FIM, wherein the output response indicates a type of relationship between the FIM and an operating cost resulting from the FIM;
select two distinct levels for a particular FIM in response to determining that the output response of the particular FIM is binary;
select two distinct levels for the particular FIM in response to determining that the output response of the particular FIM is linear; and
select three distinct levels for the particular FIM in response to determining that the output response of the particular FIM is quadratic.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to generate a baseline model based on information associated with the building equipment, wherein the baseline model represents an operating cost of the building equipment prior to implementing the FIMS.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured generate the objective function based on the operating expense model of the FIMS, wherein the operating expense model represents the operating cost of the FIMS;
wherein the controller is configured to generate the operating expense model by determining an operating cost for each combination of the FIMS and performing a regression with the operating costs.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to generate the operating expense model for each of the combinations of the FIMS, wherein the operating expense model indicates a cost of operating the building equipment after implementing the FIMS.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the controller is configured to:
generate a baseline model that indicates a cost of operating the building equipment prior to implementing the FIMS; and
determine a benefit of each of the combinations of the FIMS based on a difference between the cost indicated by the baseline model and the cost indicated by the operating expense model.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine a capital expense function for each of the FIMS; and
generate the capital expense model by summing each of the capital expense functions, wherein the capital expense model represents a purchase cost of the FIMS.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the objective function is a net present value (NPV) function and wherein a difference between a baseline model and the operating expense model and the capital expense model are arguments in the NPV function;
wherein the controller is configured to optimize the NPV function to identify FIMS which result in an optimal NPV or internal rate of return (IRR).

10. A method for optimizing upgrades to building equipment in a building management system, the method comprising:
identifying one or more facility improvement measures (FIMS), each of the FIMS representing a potential upgrade or addition to the building equipment and at least one of the FIMS including two or more levels that correspond to different sizes of the building equipment resulting from the potential upgrade or addition, wherein the building equipment is operable to affect an environmental condition of a building;
performing a design of experiments analysis to determine a plurality of combinations of the FIMS, each combination comprising one or more of the FIMS and a level for each FIM in the combination;
generating an objective function based on the combinations of the FIMS, wherein the objective function comprises an operating expense model and a capital expense model and indicates an economic value as a function of the FIMS and quantifies a cost of energy consumption, wherein adjusting the level of the FIM decreases an operating cost defined by the operating expense model while increasing a capital cost defined by the capital expense model; and
optimizing the objective function to determine an optimal combination of the FIMS to make a modification to the building equipment.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the combinations of the FIMS comprise each possible combination of each FIM and each FIM level;
wherein the method further comprises selecting one or more levels for each FIM based on an output response of the FIM.

12. The method of claim 11 , the method further comprising:
determining an output response for each FIM, wherein the output response indicates a type of relationship between the FIM and an operating cost resulting from the FIMS;
selecting two distinct levels for a particular FIM in response to determining that the output response of the FIM is binary;
selecting two distinct levels for the particular FIM in response to determining that the output response of the FIM is linear; and
selecting three distinct levels for the particular FIM in response to determining that the output response of the FIM is quadratic.

13. The method of claim 10 , further comprising generating a baseline model based on information associated with the building equipment, wherein the baseline model represents an operating cost of the building equipment prior to implementing the FIMS.

14. The method of claim 10 ,
wherein the method further comprises generating the operating expense model by determining an operating cost for each combination of the FIMS and performing a regression with the operating costs.

15. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
generating a baseline model that predicts a cost of operating the building equipment prior to implementing the FIMS; and
determining a benefit of each of the combinations of the FIMS based on a difference between the cost predicted by the baseline model and the operating cost predicted by the operating expense model.

16. The method of claim 10 ,
wherein the method further comprises generating the capital expense model by determining a capital expense function for each of the combinations of the FIMS and summing each

Assignees

• Johnson Controls Tech Co

Inventors

• Asmus Matthew J
• Willmott Graeme

Classifications

• G06Q30/0633 Primary

  Managing shopping lists, e.g. compiling or processing purchase lists (shipping orders G06Q10/083; order filling G06Q10/087) · CPC title

• G05B15/02 Primary

  electric · CPC title