Turbine and brayton cycle including same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11015463-B2
Application number	US-201916444580-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 18, 2019
Priority date	Feb 15, 2019
Publication date	May 25, 2021
Grant date	May 25, 2021

Abstract

A turbine for solar thermal power generation and a Brayton cycle are disclosed. The turbine includes a blade which has a cooling working medium inlet and a cooling working medium jet orifice. The blade is provided as a cavity with hollow interior; the cooling working medium inlet is located inside the blade; the cooling working medium jet orifice is provided on the blade surface on which is provided a spectral conversion coating; the spectral conversion coating converts heat on the blade surface into conversion characteristic band radiation which is radiation energy adjacent to cooling working medium characteristic band radiation of a cooling working medium. The turbine adopts a characteristic spectral coating and a jet cooling to enhance the cooling effect for a turbine blade and to improve the system efficiency of the Brayton cycle.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A turbine comprising:
a plurality of blades, wherein:
at least one of the blades has a cooling working medium inlet and at least one cooling working medium jet orifice;
the at least one of the blades has a blade surface and is provided with a hollow interior;
the at least one cooling working medium jet orifice is provided on the blade surface;
the cooling working medium inlet is configured to enable a cooling working medium jet of a cooling working medium to enter the blade for cooling through the cooling working medium inlet;
the blade surface is provided with a spectral conversion coating;
the at least one cooling working medium jet orifice is configured to enable the cooling working medium jet entering the blade to flow out through the at least one cooling working medium jet orifice and form a cooling working medium jet diaphragm layer on a surface of the spectral conversion coating; and
wherein the spectral conversion coating is configured to convert heat of the blade surface into a conversion characteristic band radiation which is radiation energy adjacent to a cooling working medium characteristic band radiation of the cooling working medium, wherein a central wavelength of a characteristic absorption peak of the conversion characteristic band radiation is the same as a central wavelength of a characteristic absorption peak of the cooling working medium characteristic band radiation.

2. The turbine according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling working medium characteristic band radiation is concentrated by a spectral line width of the characteristic absorption peak of the cooling working medium characteristic band radiation.

3. The turbine according to claim 2 , wherein a spectral line width of the conversion characteristic band radiation is smaller than the spectral line width of the cooling working medium characteristic band radiation.

4. The turbine according to claim 3 , wherein the conversion characteristic band radiation does not overlap with a circulating working medium characteristic band radiation of a circulating working medium flowing in the turbine.

5. The turbine according to claim 1 , wherein an intermediate base layer with good thermal conductivity is provided between the spectral conversion coating and the blade, and the intermediate base layer is configured to transfer the heat on the blade to the spectral conversion coating.

6. The turbine according to claim 1 , wherein the material of the spectral conversion coating is a metal or a semiconductor, and the spectral conversion coating is coated on the blade surface.

7. The turbine according to claim 6 , wherein the spectral conversion coating includes a gold base layer, in contact with the blade surface, an absorption cavity, and a distributed reflection layer, the absorption cavity and the distributed reflection layer being sequentially distributed on the gold base layer, and wherein the gold base layer is configured to generate a harmonic resonance with the distributed reflection layer, and the absorption cavity is configured to absorb the harmonic resonance and convert the absorbed heat into the conversion characteristic band radiation.

8. The turbine according to claim 7 , wherein the distributed reflection layer is composed of Ge and SiO 2 or Ge and ZnS.

9. A Brayton cycle comprising:
a heat source,
a regeneator,
a pre-cooler,
a compressor,
a generator,
a circulating working medium circulating in the Brayton cycle, and
a turbine comprising:
a plurality of blades, wherein:
at least one of the blades has a cooling working medium inlet and at least one cooling working medium jet orifice;
the at least one of the blades has a blade surface and is provided with a hollow interior;
the at least one cooling working medium jet orifice is provided on the blade surface;
the cooling working medium inlet is configured to enable a cooling working medium jet of a cooling working medium to enter the blade for cooling through the cooling working medium inlet;
the blade surface is provided with a first spectral conversion coating;
the at least one cooling working medium jet orifice is configured to enable the cooling working medium jet entering the blade to flow out through the at least one cooling working medium jet orifice and form a cooling working medium jet diaphragm layer on a surface of the first spectral conversion coating; and
wherein the first spectral conversion coating is configured to convert heat of the blade surface into a conversion characteristic band radiation which is radiation energy adjacent to a cooling working medium characteristic band radiation of the cooling working medium, wherein a central wavelength of a characteristic absorption peak of the conversion characteristic band radiation is the same as a central wavelength of a characteristic absorption peak of the cooling working medium characteristic band radiation;

wherein the turbine, the generator and the compressor are connected by a same shaft; the heat source, the turbine, a hot side inlet and a hot side outlet of the regenerator, the pre-cooler, the compressor, a cold side inlet and a cold side outlet of the regenerator are sequentially connected; an outlet of the heat source is connected to an inlet of the turbine; an outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot side inlet of the regenerator; the hot side outlet of the regenerator is connected to an inlet of the pre-cooler; an outlet of the pre-cooler is connected to an inlet of the compressor; an outlet of the compressor is connected to the cold side inlet of the regenerator; and the cold side outlet of the regenerator is connected to an inlet of the heat source so as to form a circulating hot loop;
wherein the circulating working medium absorbs heat from the heat source; the circulating working medium after a rise of temperature expands and works in the turbine; the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity through the shaft; the expanded circulating working medium flows through the regenerator to exchange heat; the circulating working medium enters the pre-cooler, the compressor and the regenerator in turn after a fall of temperature; the circulating working medium flows out of the cold side outlet of the regenerator and enters the heat source again to absorb radiation energy; and power required by the work of the compressor is provided by the generator so as to complete a power generation cycle.

10. The Brayton cycle according to claim 9 , wherein the heat source includes a heat-collecting cavity; an inner surface of the heat-collecting cavity is provided with a second spectral conversion coating; the second spectral conversion coating of the heat-collecting cavity converts radiation energy absorbed by the heat-collecting cavity into a conversion characteristic band radiation which is strongly absorbed by the circulating working medium.

Assignees

• Univ Zhejiang

Inventors

• Xiao Gang
• Xing Kaixiang
• Yang Tianfeng
• Ni Mingjiang
• Luo Zhongyang
• Cen Kefa

Classifications

• F03G6/064

  having a gas turbine cycle, i.e. compressor and gas turbine combination · CPC title

• F03G6/063

  Tower concentrators · CPC title

• F01D5/18 Primary

  Hollow blades, {i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities (structure of hollow blades in general F01D5/147)}; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades · CPC title

• F22B1/006

  using solar heat · CPC title

• F01D5/288 Primary

  Protective coatings for blades · CPC title