Fuel injector and fuel system with valve train noise suppressor

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10975815-B2
Application number	US-201815985170-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 21, 2018
Priority date	May 21, 2018
Publication date	Apr 13, 2021
Grant date	Apr 13, 2021

Abstract

A fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel system, a valve train, and a fuel injector including a cam actuated plunger. The fuel injector has a noise suppressor fluidly connecting a plunger cavity to each of a spill passage and a nozzle supply passage in the fuel injector. The noise suppressor has an inlet configuration forming a fuel admission flow area to the plunger cavity, and an outlet configuration forming a fuel discharge flow area. The fuel discharge flow area is smaller than the fuel admission flow area, and the noise suppressor adjusts to the outlet configuration to throttle discharging of fuel from the plunger cavity to limit valve train noise.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A fuel injector comprising:
an injector body defining a fuel inlet, a nozzle outlet, a plunger cavity, a spill passage, and a nozzle supply passage;
a plunger movable within the plunger cavity between a retracted position, and an advanced position;
an outlet check movable within the injector body between a closed check position and an open check position to close or open the nozzle outlet to the nozzle supply passage;
an electrically actuated spill valve positioned within the spill passage and movable between a closed valve position where the electrically actuated spill valve blocks the plunger cavity from the fuel inlet, and an open valve position where the electrically actuated spill valve does not block the plunger cavity from the fuel inlet and
the plunger cavity is in fluid communication with the fuel inlet:
a noise suppressor fluidly connecting the plunger cavity to each of the spill passage and the nozzle supply passage, the noise suppressor having an inlet configuration forming a fuel admission flow area to the plunger cavity, and an outlet configuration forming a fuel discharge flow area from the plunger cavity to the spill passage and the nozzle supply passage; and
the fuel discharge flow area being smaller than the fuel admission flow area, and the noise suppressor being adjustable to the outlet configuration to throttle discharging of fuel from the plunger cavity and the noise suppressor including the flow restrictor is movable between a first stop position in contact with a first surface and a second stop position in contact with a second surface, the flow restrictor having an orifice wherein in the first stop position fuel flows around the restrictor and through the orifice and in the second stop position fuel flows through the orifice.

2. The fuel injector of claim 1 further comprising a stack having a plurality of stack components positioned within the injector body, and wherein the noise suppressor includes an assembly of one of the plurality of stack components and the flow restrictor having the orifice formed therein, wherein the orifice is a flow throttling orifice.

3. The fuel injector of claim 2 wherein the noise suppressor forms a common fluid connection of the plunger cavity to each of the spill passage and the nozzle supply passage such that the spill passage and the nozzle supply passage are arranged fluidly in parallel relative to the plunger cavity.

4. The fuel injector of claim 3 wherein the flow restrictor is trapped between the one of the plurality of stack components and a second component in the injector body.

5. The fuel injector of claim 4 wherein:
the injector body defines a longitudinal injector body axis; and
the flow restrictor includes a disc plate having the flow throttling orifice centrally arranged therein and defining a disc plate center axis that is radially offset from the longitudinal injector body axis.

6. The fuel injector of claim 4 wherein:
the noise suppressor is in the outlet configuration when the flow restrictor is at the first stop position, and in the inlet configuration when the flow restrictor is at the second stop position.

7. The fuel injector of claim 4 wherein the one of the plurality of stack components has a well formed therein, and the flow restrictor is positioned at least partially within the well.

8. The fuel injector of claim 3 wherein the common fluid connection includes an inlet/outlet passage formed in the one of the plurality of stack components and extending between the plunger cavity and a junction of the nozzle supply passage and the spill passage.

9. The fuel injector of claim 8 wherein the junction includes a bathtub connection formed by the one of the plurality of stack components.

10. The fuel injector of claim 1 further comprising a cam-actuated tappet coupled with the plunger.

11. A fuel system for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a fuel supply; a valve train;
a fuel injector fluidly connected with the fuel supply and including an outlet check, an electrically actuated spill valve, and a cam actuated plunger coupled with the valve train and movable from a retracted position toward an advanced position to pressurize a fuel for injection;
the fuel injector further including a noise suppressor fluidly connecting a plunger cavity to each of a spill passage and a nozzle supply passage connecting to a fuel inlet in the fuel injector;
the electrically actuated spill valve being positioned within the spill passage, and movable between a closed valve position where the electrically actuated spill valve blocks the plunger cavity from the fuel inlet and an open valve position where the electrically actuated spill valve does not block the plunger cavity from the fuel inlet and the plunger cavity is in fluid communication with the fuel inlet:
the noise suppressor having an inlet configuration forming a fuel admission flow area to the plunger cavity, and an outlet configuration forming a fuel discharge flow area from the plunger cavity to the spill passage and the nozzle supply passage, the fuel discharge flow area being smaller than the fuel admission flow area; and
the noise suppressor being adjustable to the outlet configuration, to throttle discharging of fuel from the plunger cavity and the noise suppressor including the flow restrictor is movable between a first stop position in contact with a first surface and a second stop position in contact with a second surface, the flow restrictor having an orifice wherein in the first stop position fuel flows around the restrictor and through the orifice and in the second stop position fuel flows through the orifice.

12. The fuel system of claim 11 wherein:
the fuel injector includes a plurality of stack components positioned within a casing of an injector body; and
the noise suppressor includes an assembly of one of the plurality of stack components.

13. The fuel system of claim 12 wherein the fuel admission flow area is defined by the one of the plurality of stack components and the flow restrictor, and the fuel discharge flow area is defined by the flow restrictor.

14. The fuel system of claim 13 wherein the flow restrictor includes a disc plate having the orifice formed therein, wherein the orifice is a flow throttling orifice.

15. The fuel system of claim 14 wherein:
the flow restrictor is trapped between the one of the plurality of stack components and a second one of the plurality of stack components:
the noise suppressor is in the outlet configuration when the flow restrictor is at the first stop position, and in the inlet configuration when the flow restrictor is at the second stop position.

16. The fuel system of claim 15 wherein the one of the plurality of stack components has a well formed therein, and the flow restrictor is positioned at least partially within the well.

17. The fuel system of claim 16 wherein a seat is formed within the well and contacted by the flow restrictor at the first stop position, and the common fluid connection includes an inlet/outlet passage formed in the one of the plurality of stack components and extending between the seat and a junction of the nozzle supply passage and the spill passage.

18. The fuel system of claim 17 wherein the junction of the nozzle supply passage and the spill passage is formed by the one of the plurality of stack components.

Assignees

• Caterpillar Inc

Inventors

• Robel Wade James
• Crowell Thomas Jeffrey
• Wang Lifeng

Classifications

• F02M45/04

  with a small initial part {, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load} · CPC title

• F02M55/04 Primary

  Means for damping vibrations {or pressure fluctuations} in injection pump inlets {or outlets} · CPC title

• F02M59/38

  Pumps characterised by adaptations to special uses or conditions · CPC title

• F02M2200/09

  Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing noise · CPC title

• F02M59/027

  Unit-pumps, i.e. single piston and cylinder pump-units, e.g. for cooperating with a camshaft · CPC title