Use of a mixture of a complex ester with a monocarboxylic acid to reduce friction

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10927319-B2
Application number	US-201716461422-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 7, 2017
Priority date	Dec 20, 2016
Publication date	Feb 23, 2021
Grant date	Feb 23, 2021

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of a mixture comprising (I) at least one complex ester obtainable by an esterification reaction between (A) at least one aliphatic linear or branched C2-to C12-dicarboxylic acid, (B) at least one aliphatic linear or branched polyhydroxy alcohol with 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, and (C) as a chain stopping agent (C1) at least one aliphatic linear or branched C1-to C30-monocarboxylic acid in case of an excess of component (B), or (C2) at least one aliphatic linear or branched monobasic C1-to C30-alcohol in case of an excess of component (A), and (II) at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms in a weight ratio of (I):(II) of from 20 to 80:80 to 20 as an additive in a fuel for different purposes.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A fuel additive, comprising:
(I) at least one complex ester obtained by an esterification reaction of:
(A) at least one aliphatic linear or branched C 2 - to C 12 -dicarboxylic acid,
(B) at least one aliphatic linear or branched polyhydroxy alcohol with 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, and
(C) a chain stopping agent comprising:
(C1) at least one aliphatic linear or branched C 1 - to C 30 -mono carboxylic acid in case of an excess of the component (B), or
(C2) at least one aliphatic linear or branched monobasic C 1 - to C 30 -alcohol in case of an excess of the component (A); and

(II) at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein:
a weight ratio of the complex ester (I) to the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid (II) is from 20 to 80:80 to 20; and
the fuel additive is adapted to function as an additive in a fuel for reducing fuel consumption in the operation of an internal combustion engine.

2. The fuel additive of claim 1 , which is adapted to function as an additive in a fuel for reducing friction in internal combustion engines.

3. The fuel additive of claim 1 , which is adapted to function as an additive in a fuel for improving acceleration of internal combustion engines.

4. The fuel additive of claim 1 , which is adapted to function as an additive in a fuel for improving the lubricity of lubricant oils contained in an internal combustion engine.

5. The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the component (A) is an aliphatic linear C 6 - to C 10 -dicarboxylic acid.

6. The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the component (B) is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.

7. The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the component (C) is selected from the group consisting of (C1) an aliphatic linear or branched C 8 - to C 18 -monocarboxylic acid and (C2) a linear or branched C 8 - to C 18 -alkanol.

8. The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the complex ester comprises:
from 2 to 9 molecule units of the component (A); and
from 3 to 10 molecule units of the component (B), the component (B) being in excess compared with component (A), with remaining free hydroxyl groups of the component (B) being completely or partly capped with a corresponding number of molecule units of the component (C1).

9. The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the complex ester comprises:
from 3 to 10 molecule units of the component (A); and
from 2 to 9 molecule units of the component (B), the component (A) being in excess compared with the component (B), with remaining free carboxyl groups of the component (A) being completely or partly capped with a corresponding number of molecule units of the component (C2).

10. The fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid (II) is selected from the group consisting of dodecanoic acid (lauric acid), tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid), hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), octadecanoic acid (stearic acid), isostearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolaidic acid, erucic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid and cerotic acid.

11. A fuel composition, comprising:
a gasoline fuel; and
the fuel additive of claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition comprises:
10 to 5000 ppm by weight of the at least one complex ester (I);
10 to 100 ppm by weight of the carboxylic acid (II); and
at least one additional additive (D), which is different from the complex esters (I) and carboxylic acids (II), and comprises at least one group selected from the group consisting of:
(Da) a mono- or polyamino group having up to 6 nitrogen atoms, at least one nitrogen atom having basic properties;
(Db) a nitro group, optionally in combination with at least one hydroxyl group;
(Dc) a hydroxyl group in combination with at least one mono- or polyamino group, at least one nitrogen atom having basic properties;
(Dd) a carboxyl group or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts;
(De) a sulfonic acid group or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts;
(Df) a polyoxy-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene moiety terminated by at least one hydroxyl group, mono- or polyamino group, at least one nitrogen atom having basic properties, or by at least one carbamate group;
(Dg) a carboxylic ester group;
(Dh) a moiety derived from succinic anhydride and having at least one hydroxyl and/or amino and/or amido and/or imido group; and
(Di) a moiety obtained by Mannich reaction of substituted phenols with aldehydes and mono- or polyamines.

12. The fuel composition according to claim 11 , further comprising:
at least one carrier oil.

13. The fuel composition according to claim 11 , further comprising:
at least one tertiary hydrocarbyl amine of formula NR 1 R 2 R 3 , wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different C 1 - to C 20 -hydrocarbyl residues with the proviso that the overall number of carbon atoms in formula NR 1 R 2 R 3 does not exceed 30.

14. The fuel composition according to claim 11 , wherein the group of the additional additive (D) comprises a polyisobutene monoamine or polyisobutene polyamine having M n =300 to 5000 and at least 50 mol-% of vinylidene double bonds, and having been prepared by hydroformylation of the respective polyisobutene and subsequent reductive amination with ammonia, monoamines or polyamines, in combination with at least one mineral or synthetic carrier oil.

15. An additive concentrate, comprising:
the fuel additive of claim 1 , and
at least one fuel additive (D), which is different from the said complex esters (I) and carboxylic acids (II), and comprising a polyisobutene monoamine or polyisobutene polyamine having M n =300 to 5000 and at least 50 mol-% of vinylidene double bonds, and having been prepared by hydroformylation of the respective polyisobutene and subsequent reductive amination with ammonia, monoamines or polyamines, and further comprising at least one mineral or synthetic carrier oil.

Assignees

• Basf Se

Inventors

• Zorn Matthias

Classifications

• C10L1/1608

  Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene · CPC title

• C10L10/08 Primary

  for improving lubricity; for reducing wear · CPC title

• C10L2270/023

  for gasoline engines · CPC title

• C10L2300/20

  Mixture of two components · CPC title

• C10L1/18 Primary

  containing oxygen · CPC title