TOF camera, motor vehicle, method for producing a TOF camera and method for determining a distance to an object

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10914838-B2
Application number	US-201815916327-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 9, 2018
Priority date	Mar 13, 2017
Publication date	Feb 9, 2021
Grant date	Feb 9, 2021

Abstract

A TOF camera for determining a distance to an object comprising: a radiation source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation toward the object, radiation-sensitive sensor elements configured and arranged to detect the electromagnetic radiation reflected/scattered by the object, an optical element arranged to influence the emitted electromagnetic radiation in the radiation path of the reflected/scattered electromagnetic radiation between the object and the sensor elements, a computing unit electrically connected to the radiation source and sensor elements configured to determine a time duration required by the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source to the object; from the object to the sensor elements; and to determine the distance between the TOF camera and the object depending on the time duration determined. The sensor elements and/or the optical element are configured such that different sensor elements detect the reflected/scattered electromagnetic radiation from different solid angles on the far side of the optical element.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A TOF camera for determining a distance to an object, comprising
a radiation source, which is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in a direction toward the object,
a plurality of radiation-sensitive sensor elements, which are configured and arranged such that they detect the electromagnetic radiation reflected and/or scattered by the object,
an optical element, which is arranged for the purpose of influencing the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation in the radiation path of the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation between the object and the sensor elements, and
a computing unit, which is electrically connected to the radiation source and the sensor elements and which is configured to determine a time duration required by the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source to the object and from the object to the sensor elements and to determine the distance between the TOF camera and the object depending on the time duration determined,
wherein the sensor elements and/or the optical element are/is configured such that different sensor elements from among the plurality of sensor elements detect the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation from correspondingly different solid angles on a far side of the optical element and that at least some of the far-side solid angles have different magnitudes; and
wherein the optical element and/or the sensor elements are configured such that the magnitudes of the far-side solid angles are adapted to a region in which the object is expected proceeding from the TOF camera.

2. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical element and/or the sensor elements are/is configured such that one or a plurality of the far-side solid angles within which the region lies is or are smaller than the far-side solid angles within which the region does not lie.

3. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical element and/or the sensor elements are configured such that, in the case of a dynamic variation of the region, the magnitudes of the far-side solid angles are adapted depending on the dynamic variation of the region.

4. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sensor elements are disposed on a near side of the optical element ( 27 ), the near side being an opposite side of the optical element ( 27 ) than the far side, and are configured such that different sensor elements from among the plurality of sensors detect the electromagnetic radiation that has passed through the optical element from correspondingly different near-side solid angles on a near side of the optical element and that at least some of the near-side solid angles have different magnitudes.

5. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the sensor elements are disposed on a near side of the optical element ( 27 ), the near side being an opposite side of the optical element ( 27 ) than the far side, and are configured such that the magnitudes of the near-side solid angles are adapted depending on the dynamic variation of the region.

6. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the sensor elements form a camera.

7. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical element comprises at least one asymmetrical optical surface arranged such that the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation passes through the asymmetrical optical surface.

8. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the optical element is configured such that the asymmetrical optical surface is adapted depending on the dynamic variation of the region.

9. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the asymmetrical optical surface is configured as radiation-diffracting, radiation-refracting and/or segmented.

10. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the optical surface is configured in a made to measure manner depending on the region.

11. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a housing, in which the radiation source, the sensor elements, the computing unit and the optical element are arranged.

12. The TOF camera as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the TOF camera is arranged in a motor vehicle.

13. The TOF camera as claimed claim 1 , wherein the object is a traffic object.

14. A method for producing a TOF camera for determining a distance to an object, wherein
a radiation source is arranged for emitting electromagnetic radiation in a direction toward the object,
a plurality of radiation-sensitive sensor elements are arranged such that they detect electromagnetic radiation reflected and/or scattered by the object,
a computing unit is configured to determine a time duration required by the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source to the object and from the object to the sensor elements and to determine the distance between the TOF camera and the object depending on the time duration determined, and is electrically connected to the radiation source and the sensor elements, and
an optical element is arranged for the purpose of influencing the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation in the radiation path of the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation between the object and the sensor elements,
wherein the sensor elements and/or the optical element are/is configured such that different sensor elements from among the plurality of sensor elements detect the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation from correspondingly different solid angles on a far side of the optical element and that at least some of the far-side solid angles have different magnitudes; and
wherein the optical element and/or the sensor elements are configured such that the magnitudes of the far-side solid angles are adapted to a region in which the object is expected proceeding from the TOF camera.

15. A method for determining a distance to an object, wherein
electromagnetic radiation is emitted in a direction toward the object by means of a radiation source,
reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation is detected from different solid angles by means of a plurality of sensor elements, wherein at least part of the detected reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation is reflected and/or scattered by the object and wherein at least some of the solid angles have different magnitudes,
a time duration is determined which is required by the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source to the object and from the object to the sensor elements,
the distance to the object is determined depending on the time duration determined; and
the sensor elements are configured such that the magnitudes of the solid angles are adapted to a region in which the object is expected proceeding from the radiation source.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein
an optical element is arranged for the purpose of influencing the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation in the radiation path of the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation between the object and the sensor elements, and
the sensor elements and/or the optical element are/is configured such that different sensor elements from among the plurality of sensor elements detect the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation from correspondingly different solid angles on a far side of the optical element and that at least some of the far-side solid angles have different magnitudes.

17. A TOF camera for determining a distance to an object, comprising
a radiation source, which is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in a direction toward the object,
a plural

Assignees

• Osram Gmbh
• Osram Beteiligungsverwaltung Gmbh

Inventors

• Rayer Mathieu
• Wirth Ralph

Classifications

• H04N23/55

  Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof · CPC title

• H04N23/54

  Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils · CPC title

• G01S7/4816 Primary

  of receivers alone · CPC title

• G01S17/08

  for measuring distance only (indirect measurement G01S17/46; active triangulation systems G01S17/48) · CPC title

• G01S17/894

  Three-dimensional [3D] imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a two-dimensional [2D] array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar · CPC title