Systems and methods for detecting local oscillator leakage and image tone in I/Q mixer based transceivers

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10897228-B1
Application number	US-202016810761-A
Country	US
Kind code	B1
Filing date	Mar 5, 2020
Priority date	Dec 6, 2019
Publication date	Jan 19, 2021
Grant date	Jan 19, 2021

Abstract

A detector circuit includes: a squaring circuit configured to receive an output of a power amplifier of a radio transmitter and to produce an output current, the output of the power amplifier including: a desired tone; a local oscillator leakage tone; and an image tone, and the output current of the squaring circuit including: a direct current (DC) component including a function of the desired tone and an alternating current (AC) component; and a DC current absorber electrically connected to an output terminal of the squaring circuit, the DC current absorber being configured to filter out the DC component of the output current of the squaring circuit to produce a filtered output of the squaring circuit, the filtered output including the AC component including functions of the local oscillator leakage tone and the image tone.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A radio transceiver comprising:
a radio transmitter comprising a power amplifier;
a local oscillator leakage and image tone detector circuit comprising:
a squaring circuit configured to receive an output of the power amplifier of the radio transmitter and configured to produce an output current;
and

a DC current absorber electrically connected to an output terminal of the squaring circuit.

2. The radio transceiver of claim 1 , wherein a filtered output of the DC current absorber is supplied to a transimpedance amplifier.

3. The radio transceiver claim 2 , wherein the radio transmitter comprises a transmit mixer configured to mix an output of a transmitter local oscillator with an input baseband signal to produce a transmit mixer output, the transmit mixer output being supplied as input to the power amplifier,
wherein the squaring circuit is configured to produce the output current at an output terminal connected to a radio receiver through a detector switch, the radio receiver comprising:
the transimpedance amplifier; and
a receive mixer configured to mix a received signal with a receiver local oscillator, an output of the receive mixer being connected to the transimpedance amplifier through a receiver switch.

4. The radio transceiver of claim 2 , wherein
the radio transceiver comprising the radio transmitter and a radio receiver comprising the transimpedance amplifier and
the detector circuit are included in an integrated circuit.

5. The radio transceiver of claim 4 , further comprising:
a receiver switch connected between a receive mixer of the radio receiver and the transimpedance amplifier, the receiver switch being configured to disconnect the radio receiver during calibration of the radio transceiver using the detector circuit; and
a detector switch connected between the output terminal of the squaring circuit and the transimpedance amplifier, the detector switch being configured to connect the output terminal of the squaring circuit of the detector circuit to the transimpedance amplifier during calibration of the radio transceiver.

6. The radio transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the radio transmitter further comprises a transmit mixer configured to mix an output of a transmitter local oscillator with an input baseband signal to produce a mixer output, the mixer output being supplied to the power amplifier.

7. The radio transceiver of claim 6 , wherein a local oscillator leakage tone in the output of the power amplifier corresponds to the output of the transmitter local oscillator.

8. The radio transceiver of claim 6 , wherein a signal path of the transmit mixer comprises an in-phase portion and a quadrature portion, and
wherein an image tone in the output of the power amplifier corresponds to an imbalance between the in-phase portion and the quadrature portion of the signal path.

9. The radio transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the squaring circuit comprises:
a first transistor; and
a second transistor,
the first transistor and the second transistor being connected in parallel between an output terminal of the squaring circuit and ground,
wherein the output of the squaring circuit corresponds to a sum of a first current flowing through the first transistor and a second current flowing through the second transistor in accordance with the output of the power amplifier, where the output of the power amplifier is differentially supplied to a first gate electrode of the first transistor and a second gate electrode of the second transistor.

10. The radio transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the DC current absorber comprises a low-dropout regulator-based voltage follower.

11. The radio transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the DC current absorber comprises:
an operational amplifier having a non-inverting input connected to the output terminal of the squaring circuit and an inverting input connected to a reference voltage source;
a transistor connected between a power supply and the output terminal of the squaring circuit and having a gate electrode connected to an output of the operational amplifier; and
a capacitor connected between the power supply and the gate electrode of the transistor.

12. The radio transceiver claim 1 ,
wherein an output impedance of the DC current absorber is frequency dependent and has a low output impedance at frequencies below a desired cutoff frequency and a high output impedance otherwise.

13. A method for detecting local oscillator leakage and image tone, comprising:
supplying an output of a power amplifier of a radio transmitter of a radio transceiver to a squaring circuit of a detector circuit of the radio transceiver to generate an output current, the output of the power amplifier comprising:
a desired tone;
a local oscillator leakage tone; and
an image tone;

the output current of the squaring circuit comprising:
a direct current (DC) component comprising a function of the desired tone; and
an alternating current (AC) component comprising:
a function of the local oscillator leakage tone; and
a function of the image tone;

absorbing, by a DC current absorber of the detector circuit, the DC component of the output current to produce a filtered output of the squaring circuit, wherein the filtered output comprises the function of the local oscillator leakage tone and the function of the image tone; and
detecting the local oscillator leakage tone and the image tone based on the filtered output.

14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising supplying the filtered output to a transimpedance amplifier.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the transimpedance amplifier is a component of a radio receiver of the radio transceiver.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the radio receiver further comprises a receive mixer configured to mix a received signal with a receiver local oscillator, an output of the receive mixer being connected to the transimpedance amplifier through a receiver switch,
wherein the detector circuit comprises an output terminal configured to supply the filtered output to the transimpedance amplifier through a detector switch, and
wherein the method further comprises, while detecting local oscillator leakage and image tone of the radio transceiver:
connecting, by the detector switch, the output terminal of the detector circuit to the transimpedance amplifier; and
disconnecting, by the receiver switch, the receive mixer from the transimpedance amplifier.

17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
mixing, by a transmit mixer of the radio transmitter of the radio transceiver, an input baseband signal with an output of a transmitter local oscillator of the radio transmitter to generate a mixer output; and
amplifying, by the power amplifier of the radio transmitter, the mixer output to produce the output of the power amplifier.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the local oscillator leakage tone corresponds to the output of the transmitter local oscillator.

19. The method of claim 17 , wherein a signal path of the transmit mixer comprises an in-phase portion and a quadrature portion, and
wherein the image tone corresponds to an imbalance between the in-phase portion and the quadrature portion of the signal path.

20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the squaring circuit comprises:
a first transistor; and
a second transistor having substantially identical transistor characteristics as the first transistor,
the first transistor and the second transistor being connected in parallel between an o

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Nagarajan Hariharan
• Verma Ashutosh
• Lau Chung
• Chang Tienyu

Classifications

• H03D7/16 Primary

  Multiple-frequency-changing · CPC title

• G01R31/56

  Testing of electric apparatus (testing of transformers G01R31/62; testing of connections G01R31/66) · CPC title

• G01R31/52

  Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults · CPC title

• G01R23/165

  using filters · CPC title

• G01R23/15 Primary

  Indicating that frequency of pulses is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values, by making use of non-linear or digital elements {(indicating that pulse width is above or below a certain limit)} · CPC title