Fabrication of unrecorded data by Gaussian slowness period packet extrapolation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10895655-B2
Application number	US-201815989280-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 25, 2018
Priority date	Jun 29, 2017
Publication date	Jan 19, 2021
Grant date	Jan 19, 2021

Abstract

A computer-implemented method for generating missing frequencies within geophysical data, said method including: decomposing, with a computer, geophysical data into frequencies and slowness or wavenumber along time and one or more spatial dimensions; estimating, with a computer, a filter across known frequencies within the geophysical data for each time, spatial dimension, and slowness or wavenumber sample; extrapolating or interpolating, with a computer, the missing frequencies from the known frequencies by applying the filter; recomposing, with a computer, the known frequencies and the missing frequencies back into time and the one or more spatial dimensions; and prospecting for hydrocarbons with geophysical data that includes the missing frequencies.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A computer-implemented method for generating missing frequencies within geophysical data, said method comprising:
decomposing, with a computer, the geophysical data into frequencies and slowness or wavenumber along time and one or more spatial dimensions, wherein the decomposing includes applying a GaSP transform;
estimating, with a computer, a filter across known frequencies within the geophysical data for each time, spatial dimension, and slowness or wavenumber sample;
extrapolating or interpolating, with a computer, the missing frequencies from the known frequencies by applying the filter;
recomposing, with a computer, the known frequencies and the missing frequencies back into time and the one or more spatial dimensions, which generates updated geophysical data that includes the missing frequencies; and
prospecting for hydrocarbons with the updated geophysical data.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decomposing includes applying a transform that decomposes the geophysical data into slowness or wavenumber and a linearly-spaced range of frequencies.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter is a Wiener prediction filter.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the extrapolating or interpolating includes extrapolating or interpolating along frequency for each time, spatial, and slowness or wavenumber dimension.

5. The method of claim 3 , wherein a length of the Wiener prediction filter is 1.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein estimating includes estimating the filter with autoregression across frequencies.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising executing a full wavefield inversion process with the updated geophysical data, which includes generating a physical property model, wherein the prospecting for hydrocarbons includes deriving a hydrocarbon location from the physical property model.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising causing a well to be drilled at the hydrocarbon location.

9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising generating a subsurface image that depicts representations of subsurface reflectors at the hydrocarbon location.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the missing frequencies are from a hole in a spectrum of the geophysical data caused by a ghost notch.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the geophysical data is seismic data.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter is a prediction filter.

Assignees

• Curry William
• Tang Yaxun
• Exxonmobil Upstream Res Co

Inventors

• Curry William
• Tang Yaxun

Classifications

• G01V2210/57

  Trace interpolation or extrapolation, e.g. for virtual receiver; Anti-aliasing for missing receivers · CPC title

• E21B49/087

  Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters · CPC title

• G01V1/364 Primary

  Seismic filtering (G01V1/37 takes precedence) · CPC title

• G01V1/32

  Transforming one recording into another {or one representation into another} · CPC title

• E21B49/00

  Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells · CPC title