Nitride- and oxide-modified electrode compositions and their methods of making

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10879533-B2
Application number	US-201816025637-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 2, 2018
Priority date	Sep 3, 2013
Publication date	Dec 29, 2020
Grant date	Dec 29, 2020

Abstract

Compositions and methods of making compositions are provided for nitride- and/or oxide-modified electrode compositions. In certain embodiments, the nitride- and/or oxide-modified compositions have the general formula M 1-z M′ z O a F 3-x N y . Such compositions may be used as bulk or surface compositions, and used in a battery as the anode or cathode. In other embodiments, the electrode includes a surface coating composition selected from metal nitrides and metal oxides, and a core composition having the formula M 1-z M′ z O a F 3-x , or an oxide fluoride.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising:
a nitride- or oxide-modified core composition having the following formula: M 1-z M′ z O a F 3-x N y , wherein:
0≤z≤1;
−3≤x<0 or 0<x<3;
0≤a≤1.5;
y>0;
M is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Bi; and
M′ is selected from the group consisting of: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Tl, Pb, and Bi.

2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein M is Fe.

3. The electrode of claim 2 , wherein z=0 or 1.

4. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein a>0.

5. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nitride- or oxide-modified metal core composition has a structure selected from the group consisting of: a ReO 3 -type structure, a rutile-type structure, a bixbyite-type structure, and combinations thereof.

6. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising:
a surface coating composition selected from the group consisting of metal nitrides and metal oxides;
a core composition having the following formula M 1-z M′ z O a F 3-x , wherein:
0≤a≤1.5;
0≤z≤1;
−3≤x<0 or 0<x<3;
M is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Bi; and
M′ is selected from the group consisting of: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Tl, Pb, and Bi.

7. The electrode of claim 6 , wherein the surface coating composition is a metal nitride.

8. The electrode of claim 6 , wherein the surface coating composition is a metal oxide.

9. The electrode of claim 6 , wherein M is Fe and z=0.

10. A battery comprising:
an anode;
a cathode;
an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and stripping of metal at the anode, and reversible intercalation and deintercalation of the metal at the cathode;
wherein either the anode or the cathode comprises a nitride- or oxide-modified core composition of the following formula, M 1-z M′ z O a F 3-x N y , wherein:
0≤z≤1;
−3≤x<0 or 0<x<3;
0≤a≤1.5;
y>0;
M is selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Bi; and
M′ is selected from the group consisting of: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Tl, Pb, and Bi.

11. The battery of claim 10 , wherein M is Fe.

12. The battery of claim 11 , wherein z=0 or 1.

13. The battery of claim 10 , wherein a>0.

14. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the anode or the cathode further comprises a surface coating composition.

15. The battery of claim 14 , wherein the surface coating composition is a metal nitride or a metal oxide.

16. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the anode or the cathode further comprises a surface coating composition, wherein the surface coating composition is a metal nitride composition,
wherein the metal in the metal nitride composition is selected from the group consisting of: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Tl, Pb, and Bi.

17. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the anode comprises the nitride- or oxide-modified metal core composition and the cathode comprises an active material selected from the group consisting of one or more phases: LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , Li 2 MnO 3 , LiNiO 2 , Li(Mn 1.5 Ni 0.5 )O 4 , LiFePO 4 , Li 2 FePO 4 F, Li 3 CoNiMnO 6 , and Li(Li a Ni x Mn y Co z )O 2 .

18. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the battery is selected from the group consisting of the following battery types: lithium-ion, aluminum-ion, magnesium-ion, sodium-ion, metal-air, and metal-sulfur,
wherein the metal is lithium, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, or sodium.

19. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the battery has a capacity at least 700 mAh/g at a rate of C/10, a capacity of at least 300 mAh/g at a rate of 1 C, or a capacity of at least 100 mAh/g at a rate of 10 C.

20. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the battery has a functional discharge capacity of at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90% of an initial discharge capacity after 100 cycles.

Assignees

• Ut Battelle Llc

Inventors

• Bridges Craig A
• Paranthaman Mariappan Parans
• Veith Gabriel M
• Bi Zhonghe

Classifications

• H01M10/054

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title

• H01M4/136

  Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/366

  as layered products · CPC title

• H01M4/58 Primary

  of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates · CPC title