Transparent coatings with multilayer flake pigments

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10852574-B2
Application number	US-201815912317-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 5, 2018
Priority date	Jun 22, 2017
Publication date	Dec 1, 2020
Grant date	Dec 1, 2020

Abstract

Substrates such as transparent glass layers or other transparent substrates may be used to form protective display cover layers, windows, housing structures, camera windows, and other structures. Coatings may be formed on the substrates, on pixel arrays such as flexible organic light-emitting diode pixel arrays, housing structures, and other structures. The coatings may have optical properties arising from the inclusion of pigment flakes in a clear polymer binder. The pigment flakes may be formed from a thin-film interference layer. The thin-film interference filter layer may have a stack of dielectric layers with a pattern of refractive index values selected to adjust the optical properties of the pigment flakes. The stack of dielectric layers may be configured to form an infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting optical characteristic for the coatings and/or may have other desired spectral properties.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electronic device, comprising:
a pixel array;
a glass layer covering the pixel array; and
an infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating on the glass layer that includes pigment flakes in a polymer binder, wherein the pigment flakes include thin-film filter dielectric stacks, wherein each pigment flake contains a stack of at least four inorganic layers with differing indices of refraction, wherein the polymer binder has an index of refraction of less than 1.6, and wherein the infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating has a visible light transmission of at least 99%.

2. The electronic device defined in claim 1 wherein the electronic device has a housing, wherein the pixel array and glass layer are mounted in the housing, and wherein images are visible on the pixel array through the glass layer and the infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating, and wherein the infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating is further configured to block ultraviolet light.

3. The electronic device defined in claim 1 wherein each pigment flake includes a polymer substrate.

4. The electronic device defined in claim 3 wherein the thin-film filter dielectric stacks are formed from inorganic layers on a first side of each polymer substrate and wherein an opposing second side of each polymer substrate is free of the inorganic layers.

5. The electronic device defined in claim 3 wherein the thin-film filter dielectric stacks are formed from inorganic layers on opposing first and second sides of each polymer substrate.

6. The electronic device defined in claim 1 wherein each pigment flake has lateral dimensions of 1-30 microns.

7. The electronic device defined in claim 6 wherein each pigment flake has a thickness of 0.5-3 microns.

8. The electronic device defined in claim 1 wherein the infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating is characterized by an infrared light transmission at 700-2500 nm of less than 25%.

9. An electronic device, comprising:
a flexible pixel array; and
an infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting flexible flake pigment coating over the pixel array that includes pigment flakes in a polymer binder, wherein the pigment flakes include thin-film filter stacks, the thin-film filter stacks comprise only dielectric material, and the coating has a transmittance of at least 75% across visible wavelengths.

10. The electronic device defined in claim 9 further comprising a housing configured to bend, wherein the flexible pixel array and the flexible flake pigment coating are configured to bend when the housing bends.

11. The electronic device defined in claim 10 wherein each pigment flake includes a thin-film filter stack that includes at least four dielectric layers.

12. The electronic device defined in claim 11 wherein each pigment flake has lateral dimensions of 1-30 microns and a thickness of 0.5-4 microns.

13. The electronic device defined in claim 11 wherein the flexible pixel array comprises an array of organic light-emitting diode pixels.

14. Apparatus, comprising:
a glass layer; and
an infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating on the glass layer that includes pigment flakes in a polymer binder, wherein the pigment flakes include thin-film filter dielectric stacks that are formed from dielectric layers having alternating first and second index-of-refraction values, wherein different portions of the polymer binder across the glass layer have different concentrations of overlapping pigment flakes, and wherein the infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating is characterized by an infrared light transmission at 700-1500 nm of less than 25%.

15. The apparatus defined in claim 14 wherein the glass layer has a curved cross-sectional profile.

16. The apparatus defined in claim 15 further comprising a vehicle body in which the glass layer is mounted.

17. The apparatus defined in claim 15 further comprising a building wall in which the glass layer is mounted.

18. The apparatus defined in claim 14 wherein the flakes have width to thickness ratios of at least ten, wherein the thin-film dielectric stack of each pigment flake includes at least four inorganic dielectric layers, and wherein the infrared-light-blocking-and-visible-light-transmitting coating is configured to block ultraviolet light.

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Wilson James R
• Rogers Matthew S

Classifications

• C09C1/00 Primary

  Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers (tenebrescent materials C09K9/00; luminescent materials C09K11/00); Preparation of carbon black · CPC title

• G02F1/133305 Primary

  Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film · CPC title

• H10K59/8792

  comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers · CPC title

• H10K59/873

  Encapsulations · CPC title

• H10F39/8053

  Colour filters · CPC title