Low-power absorption refrigeration machine

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10845100-B2
Application number	US-201515315066-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 1, 2015
Priority date	May 30, 2014
Publication date	Nov 24, 2020
Grant date	Nov 24, 2020

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-power absorption refrigeration machine that enables the use of air as a refrigerant and has an evaporation unit that is separated from the rest of the absorption refrigeration machine and works with LiBr/H2O, H2O/NH3, LiNO3/NH3 or similar solutions, configuring an air-air machine wherein cold is produced directly in the enclosure to be air conditioned without need for impeller pumps and fan coils.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A low-power absorption refrigeration machine for use in climate control or air conditioning installations that comprises a working solution being LiBr/H 2 O, wherein the low-power absorption refrigeration machine comprises an exterior unit and an interior unit,
wherein the exterior unit comprises:
an absorber capable of maintaining a low pressure and low evaporation temperature when the outside temperature is high, directly cooled by outside air or by water, that carries out separated heat and mass transfer processes,
a condenser directly cooled by outside air,
at least one refrigerant generator, and
a heat recuperator, and

wherein the interior unit comprises:
at least one expansion valve that connects the condenser to an expansion evaporator through a liquid refrigerant flows at high pressure by means of a refrigerant in liquid state and in vapour state, wherein the at least one expansion valve reduces the pressure and temperature to the operating values of the evaporator, which in turn comprises:
a liquid refrigerant distributor,
an air-refrigerant heat exchanger,
a water vapour collector integrated in the evaporator, and
a fan that suctions the air of an enclosure to be air conditioned and impels the cooled air, mixing the cooled air with hot air of the enclosure,

wherein the evaporator is a direct expansion evaporator disposed in the enclosure to be air conditioned, wherein the exterior unit is separated from the interior unit thus configuring a split air-air type absorption refrigeration machine and both units being connected by two ducts: the first duct wherethrough the liquid refrigerant flows from the condenser to the evaporator at high pressure and a second duct that transports the vaporised refrigerant from the evaporator of the interior unit to the exterior unit, once said refrigerant has flowed through the evaporator.

2. The machine of claim 1 wherein the interior unit comprises two expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure generator and a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure generator, thereby configuring a double-effect direct expansion absorption machine.

3. The machine of claim 1 wherein the interior unit comprises three expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a single-effect generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a double-effect generator and a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure double effect generator, thereby configuring a single and double-effect direct expansion absorption machine built in a single unit.

4. The machine of claim 1 wherein the interior unit comprises three expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a medium-pressure generator and a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure generator, thereby configuring a triple-effect direct expansion absorption machine.

5. The machine of claim 1 wherein the interior unit comprises four expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a single-effect generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure triple-effect generator, a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a medium-pressure triple-effect generator and a fourth expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure triple-effect generator, thereby configuring a single and triple-effect direct expansion absorption machine built in a single unit.

6. The machine of claim 1 , wherein the separation between the evaporator disposed in the interior unit and the absorber disposed in the exterior unit is 1 to 2 m.

7. The machine of claim 6 wherein the interior unit comprises two expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure generator and a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure generator, thereby configuring a double-effect direct expansion absorption machine.

8. The machine of claim 6 wherein the interior unit comprises three expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a single-effect generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a double-effect generator and a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure double effect generator, thereby configuring a single and double-effect direct expansion absorption machine built in a single unit.

9. The machine of claim 6 wherein the interior unit comprises three expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a medium-pressure generator and a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure generator, thereby configuring a triple-effect direct expansion absorption machine.

10. The machine of claim 6 wherein the interior unit comprises four expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a single-effect generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure triple-effect generator, a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a medium-pressure triple-effect generator and a fourth expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure triple-effect generator, thereby configuring a single and triple-effect direct expansion absorption machine built in a single unit.

11. The machine of claim 6 , wherein the separation between the evaporator disposed in the interior unit and the absorber disposed in the exterior unit is greater than 2 m.

12. The machine of claim 11 wherein the interior unit comprises two expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a low-pressure generator and a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure generator, thereby configuring a double-effect direct expansion absorption machine.

13. The machine of claim 11 wherein the interior unit comprises three expansion valves, a first expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a single-effect generator, a second expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a double-effect generator and a third expansion valve that feeds refrigerant from a high-pressure double effect generator, thereby configuring a single and double-effect direct expansion absorption machine built in a single unit.

Assignees

• Consejo Superior Investigacion

Inventors

• Izquierdo Millan Marcelo
• Martin Lazaro Emilio

Classifications

• F25B15/008 Primary

  with multi-stage operation (F25B15/006 takes precedence) · CPC title

• F25B41/385

  Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator · CPC title

• Y02B30/62

  Absorption based systems · CPC title

• F25B2500/29

  High ambient temperatures · CPC title

• Y02A30/27

  Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies · CPC title