Energy storage system and method

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10837429-B2
Application number	US-201916514635-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 17, 2019
Priority date	Jul 19, 2018
Publication date	Nov 17, 2020
Grant date	Nov 17, 2020

Abstract

An energy storage system includes a crane and a plurality of blocks, where the crane is operable to move blocks from a lower elevation to a higher elevation (via stacking of the blocks) to store electrical energy as potential energy of the blocks, and then operable to move blocks from a higher elevation to a lower elevation (via unstacking of the blocks) to generate electricity based on the kinetic energy of the block when lowered (e.g., by gravity). The energy storage system can, for example, store electricity generated from solar power as potential energy in the stacked blocks during daytime hours when solar power is available, and can convert the potential energy in the stacked blocks into electricity during nighttime hours when solar energy is not available, and deliver the converted electricity to the power grid.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method for storing and generating electricity, comprising:
operating a crane to stack a plurality of blocks by moving the one or more blocks from a lower elevation to a higher elevation to store energy in the blocks, each of the blocks storing an amount of energy corresponding to a potential energy amount of the block; and
operating the crane to unstack one or more of the blocks by moving the one or more blocks from a higher elevation to a lower elevation under a force of gravity, thereby generating an amount of electricity corresponding to a kinetic energy amount of said one or more blocks when moved from the higher elevation to the lower elevation,
wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation or from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes moving the one more blocks based on a change in an azimuth angle of the crane.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein stacking the plurality of blocks to store energy comprises operating a motor to move the blocks from a lower elevation to a higher elevation.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation drives an electric generator to generate electricity.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation or from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes moving the one more blocks without changing an orientation of the block while in transit between the lower and higher elevations.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation includes moving the one more blocks from a position farther from a tower of the crane to a position closer to the tower.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation includes moving the one more blocks from a position closer to a tower of the crane to a position farther from the tower.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation or from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes moving the one more blocks from one position to another position based on a translational movement of the crane, wherein the crane is a bridge crane mounted on a second plurality of blocks.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes moving two blocks attached to opposite jibs of a crane substantially simultaneously from the lower elevation to the higher elevation to counterbalance forces on the crane.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation includes moving two blocks attached to opposite jibs of a crane substantially simultaneously from the higher elevation to the lower elevation to counterbalance forces on the crane.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein stacking the plurality of blocks includes positioning a first layer of blocks having a first tiling pattern and positioning a second layer of blocks on top of the first layer of blocks, the second layer of blocks having a second tiling pattern different than the first tiling pattern to inhibit lateral movement or tipping of the stacked blocks.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein stacking the plurality of blocks includes positioning each of the blocks so that it is oriented at 90 degrees to and contacts at least a portion of two blocks underneath the block to thereby interleave the blocks.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the blocks from the lower elevation to the higher elevation to stack the blocks includes arranging the blocks in a layer such that one or more blocks in the layer are oriented at 90 degrees relative to adjacent blocks in the layer to minimize space between the blocks in the layer without the blocks contacting each other.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the blocks from the lower elevation to the higher elevation to stack the blocks includes arranging the blocks in a layer such that one or more laterally adjacent blocks in the layer do not contact each other to inhibit friction during lifting and lowering of the blocks.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation or from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes supporting the block from a bottom surface of the block.

15. A method for storing and generating electricity, comprising:
operating a crane to stack a plurality of blocks by moving the one or more blocks from a lower elevation to a higher elevation to store energy in the blocks, each of the blocks storing an amount of energy corresponding to a potential energy amount of the block; and
operating the crane to unstack one or more of the blocks by moving the one or more blocks from a higher elevation to a lower elevation under a force of gravity, thereby generating an amount of electricity corresponding to a kinetic energy amount of said one or more blocks when moved from the higher elevation to the lower elevation,
wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation or from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes moving the one more blocks without changing an orientation of the block while in transit between the lower and higher elevations, and wherein stacking the plurality of blocks includes positioning a first layer of blocks having a first tiling pattern and positioning a second layer of blocks on top of the first layer of blocks, the second layer of blocks having a second tiling pattern different than the first tiling pattern to inhibit lateral movement or tipping of the stacked blocks.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the lower elevation to the higher elevation includes moving two blocks attached to opposite jibs of the crane substantially simultaneously from the lower elevation to the higher elevation to counterbalance forces on the crane.

17. The method of claim 15 , wherein moving the one or more blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation includes moving two blocks attached to opposite jibs of a crane substantially simultaneously from the higher elevation to the lower elevation to counterbalance forces on the crane.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein moving the blocks from the lower elevation to the higher elevation to stack the blocks includes arranging the blocks in a layer such that one or more blocks in the layer are oriented at 90 degrees relative to adjacent blocks in the layer to minimize space between the blocks in the layer without the blocks contacting each other.

Assignees

• Energy Vault Inc

Inventors

• Pedretti Andrea
• Gross William

Classifications

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• B66C23/62

  Constructional features or details (of dredgers E02F) · CPC title

• B66C23/88

  Safety gear (for cranes in general B66C15/00; for rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms B66D1/54) · CPC title

• B66C1/54

  Internally-expanding grippers for handling hollow articles (B66C1/46 takes precedence) · CPC title

• B66C13/22 Primary

  for electric drives (transmitting control pulses B66C13/40; systems or devices of general application H02P) · CPC title