Flow battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10797337-B2
Application number	US-201715730669-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 11, 2017
Priority date	Dec 15, 2016
Publication date	Oct 6, 2020
Grant date	Oct 6, 2020

Abstract

A flow battery includes a first liquid containing a first electrode mediator dissolved therein, a first electrode immersed in the first liquid, a first active material immersed in the first liquid, and a first circulation mechanism that circulates the first liquid between the first electrode and the first active material, wherein the first electrode mediator includes a bicarbazyl derivative. For example, the bicarbazyl derivative is represented by the general formula (1).

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A flow battery comprising:
a first liquid containing a first electrode mediator dissolved therein;
a first electrode immersed in the first liquid;
a first active material immersed in the first liquid; and
a first circulation mechanism that circulates the first liquid between the first electrode and the first active material,
wherein the first electrode mediator consists of a bicarbazyl derivative.

2. The flow battery according to claim 1 , wherein the bicarbazyl derivative is represented by the following general formula (1),

wherein X 1 and X 2 independently denote at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, an ether group, a cyano group, a nitro group, —NA 2 (A denotes a hydrocarbon group), chain saturated hydrocarbons, chain unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, and cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons, and
R 1 and R 2 independently denote at least one selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, an ether group, a cyano group, a nitro group, —NA 2 (A denotes a hydrocarbon group), chain saturated hydrocarbons, chain unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, and cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons.

3. The flow battery according to claim 2 , wherein the bicarbazyl derivative is represented by the following general formula (2).

4. The flow battery according to claim 2 , wherein at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of chain saturated hydrocarbons, chain unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons, an ether group, a cyano group, a nitro group, and combinations thereof is independently disposed at positions R 1 and R 2 .

5. The flow battery according to claim 2 , wherein the bicarbazyl derivative is represented by the following general formula (3),

wherein R 1 ′ and R 2 ′ independently denote at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, an ether group, a cyano group, a nitro group, —NA 2 (A denotes a hydrocarbon group), chain saturated hydrocarbons, chain unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, and cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons.

6. The flow battery according to claim 5 , wherein the bicarbazyl derivative is represented by the following general formula (4).

7. The flow battery according to claim 2 , wherein at least one electron-withdrawing group selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, an ether group, a cyano group, a nitro group, and —NA 2 is independently disposed at positions X 1 and X 2 .

8. The flow battery according to claim 1 , wherein the bicarbazyl derivative is at least one selected from the group consisting of 9,9′-diphenyl-9H,9H′-3,3′-bicarbazyl, 9,9′-bis(p-tolyl)-9H,9H′-3,3′-bicarbazyl, and 9,9′-diethyl-9H,9H′-3,3′-bicarbazyl.

9. The flow battery according to claim 1 , wherein
the bicarbazyl derivative has a first oxidation-reduction potential and a second oxidation-reduction potential, and
the first active material has an equilibrium potential higher than the first oxidation-reduction potential and lower than the second oxidation-reduction potential.

10. The flow battery according to claim 1 , wherein
the first circulation mechanism includes a first container,
the first container contains the first active material and the first liquid,
the first circulation mechanism circulates the first liquid between the first electrode and the first container, and
contact between the first active material and the first liquid in the first container causes at least one of an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction between the first active material and the first electrode mediator.

11. The flow battery according to claim 10 , wherein
the first circulation mechanism includes a first transfer prevention unit that prevents transfer of the first active material, and
the first transfer prevention unit is disposed on a path through which the first liquid flows from the first container to the first electrode.

12. The flow battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a second liquid containing a charge mediator and a discharge mediator dissolved therein;
a second electrode immersed in the second liquid;
a second active material immersed in the second liquid; and
a separating unit that separates the first electrode and the first liquid from the second electrode and the second liquid,
wherein the charge mediator has a lower equilibrium potential than the second active material, and
the discharge mediator has a higher equilibrium potential than the second active material.

13. The flow battery according to claim 12 , wherein
the second liquid contains lithium dissolved therein,
the second active material adsorbs and desorbs the lithium,
when charging, the charge mediator is reduced on the second electrode, the charge mediator reduced on the second electrode is oxidized by the second active material, and the second active material adsorbs the lithium, and
when discharging, the second active material on which the lithium is adsorbed reduces the discharge mediator, the second active material desorbs the lithium, and the discharge mediator reduced by the second active material is oxidized on the second electrode.

14. The flow battery according to claim 13 , wherein
when the charging, the discharge mediator is reduced on the second electrode, and
when the discharging, the charge mediator is oxidized on the second electrode.

15. The flow battery according to claim 12 , wherein
the charge mediator and the discharge mediator are condensed aromatic compounds, and
the second liquid containing the condensed aromatic compounds dissolved therein causes a solvated electron of lithium to be released and thereby dissolves the lithium as a cation.

16. The flow battery according to claim 15 , wherein the charge mediator is at least one selected from the group consisting of phenanthrene, biphenyl, O-terphenyl, triphenylene, and anthracene.

17. The flow battery according to claim 15 , wherein the discharge mediator is at least one selected from the group consisting of phenanthroline, 2,2′-bipyridyl, benzophenone, trans-stilbene, 4,4′-bipyridyl, 3,3′-bipyridyl, 2,4′-bipyridyl, 2,3′-bipyridyl, cis-stilbene, acetophenone, propiophenone, butyrophenone, valerophenone, and ethylenediamine.

18. The flow battery according to claim 12 , further comprising:
a second circulation mechanism including a second container,
wherein the second active material and the second liquid are contained in the second container,
the second circulation mechanism circulates the second liquid between the second electrode and the second container, and
contact between the second active material and the second liquid in the second container causes at least one of an oxidation reaction of the charge mediator with the second active material and a reduction reaction of the discharge mediator with the second active material.

19. The flow battery according to claim 18 , wherein
the second circulation mechanism includes a second transfer prevent

Assignees

• Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd

Inventors

• Nariyama Honami

Classifications

• C07D209/88

  with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• Y02E60/50

  Fuel cells · CPC title

• H01M8/188 Primary

  by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries · CPC title

• H01M8/225

  Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising particulate active material in the form of a suspension, a dispersion, a fluidised bed or a paste · CPC title