Fuel injection assembly for gas turbine engine

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10775046-B2
Application number	US-201715787252-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 18, 2017
Priority date	Oct 18, 2017
Publication date	Sep 15, 2020
Grant date	Sep 15, 2020

Abstract

Fuel injection assemblies for a gas turbine engine includes a fuel injector and heat exchanger in communication via a fuel line cavity to provide heated fuel for combustion.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A fuel injection assembly for a gas turbine engine comprising
a high pressure casing defining a high pressure area through which pressurized fluids are passed to a combustion chamber of the gas turbine engine,
at least one fuel injector including a head mounted to the high pressure casing of the gas turbine engine, and a stem extending from the head into the high pressure area, and a nozzle connected with the stem to inject fuel into the combustion chamber,
at least one fuel-cooled heat exchanger mounted to the high pressure casing and arranged in fluid communication to receive fuel from a fuel supply of the gas turbine engine, the at least one heat exchanger including a core adapted to pass fuel in thermal communication with a heat source to receive heat, and
a fuel cavity defined by the high pressure casing, the fuel cavity arranged to receive heated fuel from the at least one heat exchanger and to communicate heated fuel with the head of the at least one fuel injector for injection into the combustion chamber, wherein the fuel cavity is formed as a depression within a wall of the high pressure casing and the high pressure casing includes a cap plate enclosing the fuel cavity.

2. The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein the depression is formed on a radially inner side of the wall of the high pressure casing.

3. The fuel injection assembly of claim 2 , wherein the fuel cavity includes a heat shield enclosing an opening of the depression on the radially inner side of the wall.

4. The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein the fuel cavity includes a conduit in communication with each of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one fuel injector to communicate fuel therebetween, the conduit extending within the fuel cavity of the high pressure casing between the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one fuel injector.

5. The fuel injection assembly of claim 4 , wherein the cap plate includes at least one opening in communication with the conduit to pass fuel.

6. The fuel injection assembly of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one head of the fuel injector is mounted at least partially on the cap plate.

7. The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one fuel injector is mounted to the high pressure casing on a low pressure side.

8. The fuel injection assembly of claim 7 , wherein the at least one heat exchanger includes a fuel passage and an air passage arranged in thermal communication with each other, wherein the air passage is arranged to receive hot, high pressure air from the high pressure area defined by the high pressure casing for providing heat to fuel within the fuel passage.

9. The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fuel heat exchanger includes at least two fuel heat exchangers and the at least one fuel injector includes at least four fuel injectors each in communication to receive fuel from one of the at least two fuel heat exchangers, and the fuel injectors are arranged circumferentially about the combustion chamber in alternating sequence such that adjacent ones of the fuel injectors receive fuel from different ones of fuel heat exchangers.

10. The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fuel heat exchanger includes at least two fuel heat exchangers, and the assembly further comprises a valve arranged to regulate the flow of air through each of the at least two heat exchangers.

11. A gas turbine engine comprising
an engine core assembly including a compressor for compressing air, a combustor for combusting a mixture of fuel and pressurized air from the compressor, and turbine for expanding combustion products to provide mechanical force, the combustor including a high pressure casing defining a high pressure area and having a combustion chamber arranged within the high pressure area,
at least one fuel injector including a head mounted to the high pressure casing and a stem extending from the head into the high pressure casing, and a nozzle disposed on the stem to inject fuel into the combustion chamber,
at least one fuel-cooled heat exchanger mounted to the high pressure casing and arranged in fluid communication to receive fuel from a fuel supply of the gas turbine engine, the at least one heat exchanger including a core adapted to pass fuel in thermal communication with a heat source to receive heat, and
a fuel cavity defined within a wall of the high pressure casing, the fuel cavity arranged to receive heated fuel from the at least one heat exchanger and to communicate heated fuel with the at least one fuel injector for injection into the combustion chamber, wherein the fuel cavity is formed as a depression within a wall of the high pressure casing and the high pressure casing includes a cap plate enclosing the fuel cavity.

12. The fuel injection assembly of claim 11 , wherein the depression is formed on a radially inner side of the wall of the high pressure casing.

13. The fuel injection assembly of claim 12 , wherein the fuel cavity includes a heat shield enclosing an opening of the depression on the radially inner side of the wall.

14. The fuel injection assembly of claim 11 , wherein the fuel cavity includes a conduit in communication with each of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one fuel injector to communicate fuel therebetween, the conduit extending within the fuel cavity of the high pressure casing between the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one fuel injector.

15. The fuel injection assembly of claim 14 , wherein the cap plate includes at least one opening in communication with the conduit to pass fuel.

16. The fuel injection assembly of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one head of the fuel injector is mounted at least partially on the cap plate.

17. The fuel injection assembly of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one fuel injector is secured to the high pressure casing on a low pressure side.

18. The fuel injection assembly of claim 17 , wherein the at least one heat exchanger includes a fuel passage and an air passage arranged in thermal communication with each other, wherein the air passage is arranged to receive hot, high pressure air from the high pressure area defined by the high pressure casing for providing heat to fuel within the fuel passage.

19. The fuel injection assembly of claim 11 , wherein the at least one fuel heat exchanger includes at least two fuel heat exchangers and the at least one fuel injector includes at least four fuel injectors each in communication to receive fuel from one of the at least two fuel heat exchangers, and the fuel injectors are arranged about the combustion chamber in alternating sequence such that adjacent ones of the fuel injectors receive fuel from different ones of fuel heat exchangers.

20. The fuel injection assembly of claim 11 , wherein the at least one fuel heat exchanger includes at least two fuel heat exchangers, and the assembly further comprises a valve arranged to regulate the flow of air through each of the at least two heat exchangers.

Assignees

• Rolls Royce Nam Tech Inc

Inventors

• Snyder Douglas J
• Sweeney Patrick C

Classifications

• Y02T50/60

  Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft · CPC title

• F05D2260/213

  by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit · CPC title

• F23R3/283 Primary

  Attaching or cooling of fuel injecting means including supports for fuel injectors, stems, or lances · CPC title

• F02C7/224

  Heating fuel before feeding to the burner · CPC title

• F23R2900/00017

  Assembling combustion chamber liners or subparts · CPC title