Exhaust-gas turbocharger with adjustable turbine geometry

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10774732-B2
Application number	US-201715857684-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 29, 2017
Priority date	Jul 8, 2015
Publication date	Sep 15, 2020
Grant date	Sep 15, 2020

Abstract

An exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine includes an intake duct for air, an exhaust-gas duct, a turbine arranged in the exhaust-gas duct, and a compressor impeller arranged in the intake duct, which turbine and compressor impeller are both arranged on a common shaft, wherein the exhaust-gas duct has a spiral housing which coaxially surrounds the turbine, and wherein, between the spiral housing and the turbine, a ring-shaped gap is provided through which the exhaust-gas flow flows circumferentially to the turbine, and wherein, in the ring-shaped gap, guide vanes are arranged which are rotatable about an adjustment axis by an adjustment mechanism for controlling the flow resistance. To compensate thermal expansions and shrinkages of the guide vanes under different operating conditions, the adjustment mechanism additionally has a displacement mechanism for displacing the guide vanes in the ring-shaped gap. The displacement mechanism is directly coupled to the adjustment mechanism.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
an intake duct for air,
an exhaust-gas duct,
a turbine arranged in the exhaust-gas duct and fixedly connected to a shaft, and
a compressor impeller arranged in the intake duct and mounted on the shaft;
a scroll shaped volute housing formed by the exhaust gas duct which coaxially surrounds the turbine;
guide vanes arranged within a ring-shaped gap disposed between the scroll shaped volute housing and the turbine such that exhaust-gas flow flows circumferentially to the turbine through the ring-shaped gap; and
an adjustment mechanism rotatable about an adjustment axis and having the guide vanes connected for controlling flow resistance, wherein the adjustment mechanism has a displacement mechanism for displacement of the guide vanes in the ring-shaped gap;
wherein the displacement mechanism is mechanically coupled to the adjustment mechanism and
a conversion device for the adjustment mechanism has intermeshing threads firstly on one of the walls and secondly on one or more of the adjustment shaft and on the guide vane.

2. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ring-shaped gap is delimited at least in sections by two walls, wherein the guide vanes are mounted, so as to be rotatable about the adjustment axes defined by an adjustment shaft extending through a through-hole in a first wall of the two walls, wherein a guide-vane gap is formed between each of the guide vanes and a second wall of the two walls, which guide-vane gap is adjusted by actuation of the displacement mechanism.

3. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the displacement mechanism effects a displacement of the guide vanes perpendicularly to a flow direction of the exhaust-gas flow in the ring-shaped gap.

4. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the adjustment mechanism is connected to the conversion device for converting a rotational movement of each guide vane or of an adjustment shaft connected thereto, about the adjustment axis into a sliding movement in the direction of the adjustment axis, the conversion device forming at least part of the displacement mechanism.

5. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the conversion device for each guide vane has a sliding-block guide with firstly a guide slot on one of the two walls and secondly a sliding block on one or more of the adjustment shaft and on the guide vane.

6. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the conversion device for each guide vane includes a sliding-block guide with firstly a guide slot on one or more of the adjustment shaft and the guide vanes and secondly sliding blocks for the conversion device for each guide vane on one of the two walls.

7. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in the ring-shaped gap at least one recess is disposed on at least one of the two walls which delineate the ring-shaped gap, and wherein one or more guide vanes at least partially protrude into the at least one recess as a result of the displacement.

8. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in the ring-shaped gap at least one recess is disposed on the second wall which delineates the ring-shaped gap, and wherein one or more guide vanes at least partially protrude into the at least one recess as a result of the displacement.

9. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the recess comprises an encircling ring-shaped groove in the second wall.

10. An exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
an intake duct for delivering air;
an exhaust-gas duct for discharging exhaust gas;
a turbine arranged in the exhaust-gas duct and fixedly connected to a shaft;
a compressor impeller arranged in the intake duct and mounted on the shaft;
a scroll shaped volute housing formed by the exhaust gas duct which coaxially surrounds the turbine;
guide vanes arranged within a ring-shaped gap disposed between the scroll shaped volute housing and the turbine such that exhaust-gas flow flows circumferentially to the turbine through the ring-shaped gap;
an adjustment mechanism, for each of the guide vanes, rotatable about an adjustment axis and having the guide vanes connected thereto for controlling flow resistance, wherein the adjustment mechanism has a displacement mechanism for each of the guide vanes for displacement of the guide vanes in the ring-shaped gap;
wherein the displacement mechanism for each guide vane is mechanically coupled to the adjustment mechanism; and
a conversion device for the adjustment mechanism for each guide vane comprises two elements in the form of firstly an oblique plane and secondly a counterpart body which slides on the oblique plane during rotational movement, wherein one of the two elements is fastened to the first wall, and a second element of the two elements is fastened to the adjustment shaft or to the guide vane.

11. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the ring-shaped gap is delimited at least in sections by two walls, wherein the guide vanes are mounted, so as to be rotatable about the adjustment axes defined by an adjustment shaft extending through a through-hole in a first wall of the two walls, wherein a guide-vane gap is formed between each of the guide vanes and a second wall of the two walls, which guide-vane gap is adjusted by actuation of the displacement mechanism.

12. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the displacement mechanism for each guide vane effects a displacement of the guide vanes perpendicularly to a flow direction of the exhaust-gas flow in the ring-shaped gap.

13. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 11 , wherein in the ring-shaped gap at least one recess is disposed on at least one of the two walls which delineate the ring-shaped gap, and wherein one or more guide vanes at least partially protrude into the at least one recess as a result of the displacement.

14. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 11 , wherein in the ring-shaped gap at least one recess is disposed on the second wall which delineates the ring-shaped gap, and wherein one or more guide vanes at least partially protrude into the at least one recess as a result of the displacement.

15. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the recess comprises an encircling ring-shaped groove in the second wall.

16. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the adjustment mechanism for each guide vane is connected to the conversion device for converting a rotational movement of each guide vane or of an adjustment shaft connected thereto, about the adjustment axis into a sliding movement in the direction of the adjustment axis, the conversion device forming at least part of the displacement mechanism.

17. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the conversion device for the adjustment mechanism for each guide vane has a sliding-block guide with firstly a guide slot on one of the two walls and secondly a sliding block on one or more of the adjustment shaft and on the guide vane.

18. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the conversion device for the adjustment mechanism for each guide vane includes a sliding-block guide with firstly a guide slot on one or more of the adjustment shaft and the guide vanes and secondly sliding blocks for each conversion device on one of the two walls.

Assignees

• Continental Automotive Gmbh
• Vitesco Tech Gmbh

Inventors

• Ehrhard Jan
• Böning Ralf

Classifications

• F02B37/004

  with exhaust drives arranged in series · CPC title

• Y02T10/12

  Improving ICE efficiencies · CPC title

• F02B37/24 Primary

  by using pumps or turbines with adjustable guide vanes · CPC title

• F02C6/12

  Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure · CPC title

• F01D17/165

  for radial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially parallel to the rotor centre line (F01D17/167 takes precedence) · CPC title