Hybrid perovskite bulk photovoltaic effect devices and methods of making the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10770604-B2
Application number	US-201815934656-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 23, 2018
Priority date	Mar 24, 2017
Publication date	Sep 8, 2020
Grant date	Sep 8, 2020

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a perovskite crystal having a ferroelectric domain aligned substantially parallel to a reference axis. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the perovskite crystal may include ABX 3 , where A is a first cation, B is a second cation, and X is an anion. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, A may include an alkyl ammonium cation. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, B may include a metal element. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the metal element may include lead. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, X may include a halogen. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the perovskite crystal may include methylammonium lead iodide.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A composition comprising:
a methylammonium lead iodide perovskite crystal comprising a ferroelectric domain aligned substantially parallel to a reference axis, wherein:
the ferroelectric domain has a crystal structure consisting essentially of at least one of a tetragonal phase or an orthorhombic phase,
the ferroelectric domain has a width between 2 μm and 40 μm,
the ferroelectric domain has a length between one angstrom and 10 mm, and
the ferroelectric domain has a d 33 value between 50 pC/N and 60 pC/N.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ferroelectric domain is characterized by a Rayleigh response having a positive slope.

3. A device comprising
a layer comprising a methylammonium lead iodide perovskite crystal comprising a ferroelectric domain aligned substantially parallel to a reference axis, wherein:
the ferroelectric domain has a crystal structure consisting essentially of at least one of a tetragonal phase or an orthorhombic phase,
the ferroelectric domain has a width between 2 μm and 40 μm,
the ferroelectric domain has a length between one angstrom and 10 mm, and
the ferroelectric domain has a d 33 value between 50 pC/N and 60 pC/N.

4. The device of claim 3 , wherein:
the layer further comprises a first surface and a second surface,
the second surface is substantially parallel to the first surface,
the first surface and the second surface define a thickness of the layer, and
the reference axis is substantially perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface.

5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the thickness is between 1 Å and 10 mm.

6. The device of claim 4 , further comprising:
a first electrode comprising a first metal positioned against the first surface; and
a second electrode comprising a second metal positioned against the second surface, wherein:
the layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode.

7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the first metal and the second metal are the same.

Assignees

• Alliance Sustainable Energy
• Colorado School Of Mines

Inventors

• Garten Lauren Marie
• Moore David Todd
• Ginley David Samuel
• Gorman Brian Patrick

Classifications

• H10K85/50

  Organic perovskites; Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3 · CPC title

• H10K30/50

  Photovoltaic [PV] devices · CPC title

• H10F77/12

  Active materials · CPC title

• C07C211/04 Primary

  Mono-, di- or tri-methylamine · CPC title

• H10F10/14

  Photovoltaic cells having only PN homojunction potential barriers · CPC title