Nanostructured composite metal hydrides

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10751795-B2
Application number	US-201815982232-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 17, 2018
Priority date	May 17, 2017
Publication date	Aug 25, 2020
Grant date	Aug 25, 2020

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a solid core having an outer surface and a coating layer, where the coating layer covers at least a portion of the outer surface, the coating layer is permeable to hydrogen (H 2 ), and the solid core is capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A composition comprising:
a plurality of particles, wherein each particle comprises:
a solid core having an outer surface and an average characteristic length between 1 nm and 50 nm, inclusively; and
a conformal coating layer comprising a metal oxide and having a thickness between 0.1 nm and 10 nm, inclusively, wherein:

the conformal coating layer is permeable to hydrogen (H 2 ) and substantially non-permeable to molecules other than hydrogen,
the solid core is capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, and
the plurality of particles forms at least one chain of particles.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the solid core comprises at least one of a hydride or a metal.

3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the metal comprises at least one of palladium, platinum, nickel, iridium, ruthenium, copper, silver, gold, or osmium.

4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein:
the solid core further comprises a substrate, and
the metal is positioned on the substrate.

5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the substrate comprises at least one of activated carbon, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, or magnesium diboride.

6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the substrate is activated carbon.

7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the metal is palladium.

8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the palladium is present on the substrate at a concentration between about 0.5 wt % and 1.0 wt %.

9. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the hydride comprises at least one of magnesium hydride (MgH 2 ), TiH 2 , aluminum hydride (AlH 3 ), lanthanum nickel hydride (LaNi 5 H 7 ), or lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH 4 ).

10. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the hydride comprises boron.

11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the hydride comprises at least one of magnesium borohydride (Mg(BH 4 ) 2 ), ammonia borane (NH 3 BH 3 ), aluminum borohydride (Al(BH 4 ) 2 ), calcium borohydride (Ca(BH 4 ) 2 ), magnesium diboride (MgB 2 ), sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), or lithium borohydride (LiBH 4 ).

12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the conformal coating layer comprises one or more layers deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD).

13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the conformal coating layer comprises at least one of MgO, SnO 2 , SiO 2 , ZnS, Al 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , or TiO 2 .

14. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising:
a particle, wherein:
the particle is positioned on the outer surface, and
the coating substantially covers the particle.

15. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising hydrogen.

16. The composition claim 1 , wherein the chain of particles comprises at least five particles.

17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the chain of particles has a length of at least 200 nm.

18. A method comprising:
loading hydrogen (H 2 ) onto a storage material, the storage material comprising:
a plurality of particles, wherein each particle comprises:
a solid core having an outer surface and an average characteristic length between 1 nm and 50 nm, inclusively; and
a conformal coating layer comprising a metal oxide and having a thickness between 0.1 nm and 10 nm, inclusively wherein:
the conformal coating layer is permeable to hydrogen and substantially non-permeable to molecules other than hydrogen,
the solid core is capable of reversibly absorbing and desorbing hydrogen, and
the plurality of particles forms at least one chain of particles,

releasing the hydrogen from the storage material, wherein:
the loading and releasing are reversibly cycled between the loading and the releasing,
the storage material, after the loading, contains a concentration of the hydrogen of up to 10 wt %, and
the storage material, after the releasing, contains a concentration of the hydrogen of less than 10 wt %.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the storage material is capable of being reversibly cycled between the loading and the releasing at least three times.

20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the storage material is capable of being reversibly cycled between the loading and the releasing at least one hundred times.

Assignees

• Alliance Sustainable Energy

Inventors

• Christensen Steven Thomas
• Gennett Thomas
• Marius Noemie
• Gross Karl Joseph

Classifications

• C01B3/0047

  containing a rare earth metal · CPC title

• B22F1/054

  Nanosized particles · CPC title

• B22F1/065

  Spherical particles · CPC title

• B22F1/0547

  Nanofibres or nanotubes · CPC title

• B22F1/16

  Metallic particles coated with a non-metal (coated with lubricating or binding agents or with organic material B22F1/10) · CPC title