Apparatus and method of processing multi-component induction data

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10670767-B2
Application number	US-201715448587-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 2, 2017
Priority date	Oct 30, 2013
Publication date	Jun 2, 2020
Grant date	Jun 2, 2020

Abstract

A method includes acquiring signals generated from operating a multi-component induction tool in a wellbore. The multi-component induction tool has a plurality of receiver arrays. The method includes generating, for each receiver array at a fixed frequency, a combination of components from the acquired signals, wherein the components corresponds to components of an apparent conductivity tensor. The generating of the combination of components includes generating vertical magnetic dipole (VMD) data and horizontal magnetic dipole (HMD) data. The method includes mixing together the combination of VMD data and HMD data measured from the plurality of receiver arrays and generating data, with respect to evaluation of a formation around the wellbore, from the mixing together of combinations.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method comprising:
acquiring signals generated from operating a multi-component induction tool in a wellbore, the multi-component induction tool having a plurality of receiver arrays, each receiver array comprising a receiver triad;
generating, for each receiver array at a fixed frequency, a combination of components from the acquired signals, the components corresponding to components of an apparent conductivity tensor, wherein generating the combination of components comprises generating vertical magnetic dipole (VIVID) data and horizontal magnetic dipole (HMD) data;
for each of one or more receiver arrays, combining a geometric factor associated with each receiver of the receiver triad of the receiver array to form a respective combination of the geometric factors, wherein the receivers of the receiver triad are oriented in different directions;
generating filters based on (i) the one or more combinations of geometric factors and (ii) a target function, wherein each of the one or more combinations of geometric factors correlates the electromagnetic properties of the downhole formation to the apparent conductivity tensor;

mixing together the combination of VIVID data and HMD data measured from the plurality of receiver arrays wherein the mixing comprises applying the filters to the one or more combinations of components; and
generating data, with respect to evaluation of a formation around the wellbore, from the mixing together of combinations, wherein the data has an improved resolution at multiple depths of investigation compared to the acquired signals.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the VIVID data comprises generating ZZ coupling data, and wherein generating the HMD data comprises generating XX coupling data and YY coupling data.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
performing the acquiring of signals and the generating of the combinations for a number of different locations to which the multi-component induction tool is disposed along the wellbore; and
mixing together the combinations from the different locations.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the VIVID data and the HMD data comprises, for each receiver array and each frequency, at least one of generating aZZ+bXX+cYY with a, b, and c being numerical coefficients and generating dIJ+e JI, IJ and JI being different components of the apparent conductivity tensor with d and e being numerical coefficients.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating data with respect to evaluation of formation around the wellbore comprises performing vertical-resolution matching based on the mixed together combinations measured from the plurality of receiver arrays.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating data with respect to evaluation of formation around the wellbore comprises:
separating the combination of components for each receiver array into two sets based on a distance of each receiver array from a transmitter array from which the acquired signals is based, one set of the two sets having combinations of components from the plurality of receiver arrays categorized as short arrays and the other set of the two sets having combinations of components from the plurality of receiver arrays categorized as deeper arrays relative to the short arrays; and
using the combination of components for each receiver array in an inversion process, in which data from the combinations of components of the short arrays is used as constraints in inverting the combinations of components of the deeper arrays.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying filters to the combinations of components from the receiver arrays, the filters being weights generated from generating an apparent conductivity.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein generating data from the mixed together combinations comprises using filter weights for different background conductivities.

9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting a format of the combination of components based on a specific feature of the formation.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the specific feature is at least one of anisotropy, bed boundaries, and fractures.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein acquiring signals generated from operating the multi-component induction tool comprises acquiring signals from a plurality of receiver triads disposed axially on the multi-component induction tool in response to a transmitter triad disposed axially on the multi-component induction tool generating probe signals, the receiver triads at different distances from the transmitter triad.

12. One or more non-transitory machine-readable media comprising program code for evaluation of a formation, the program code to:
acquire signals generated from operating a multi-component induction tool in a wellbore, the multi-component induction tool having a plurality of receiver arrays, each receiver array comprising a receiver triad;
generate, for each receiver array at a fixed frequency, a combination of components from the acquired signals, the components corresponding to components of an apparent conductivity tensor, wherein generating the combination of components comprises generating vertical magnetic dipole (VIVID) data and horizontal magnetic dipole (HMD) data;
for each of one or more receiver arrays, combine, under control of a processor, a geometric factor associated with each receiver of the receiver triad of the receiver array to form a respective combination of the geometric factors, wherein the receivers of the receiver triad are oriented in different directions;
generate, under control of the processor, filters based on (i) the one or more combinations of geometric factors and (ii) a target function, wherein each of the one or more combinations of geometric factors correlates the electromagnetic properties of the downhole formation to the apparent conductivity tensor;
mix together the combination of VIVID data and HMD data measured from the plurality of receiver arrays, wherein the mixing comprises applying the filters to the one or more combinations of components; and
generate data, with respect to evaluation of the formation around the wellbore, from the mixed together combinations, wherein the data has an improved resolution at multiple depths of investigation compared to the acquired signals.

13. The one or more non-transitory machine-readable media of claim 12 , wherein the program code to generate the VIVID data comprises program code to generate ZZ coupling data, and wherein the program code to generate the HMD data comprises program code to generate XX coupling data and YY coupling data.

14. The one or more non-transitory machine-readable media of claim 12 , wherein the program code is to:
perform acquisition of signals and generation of the combinations for a number of different locations to which the multi-component induction tool is disposed along the wellbore; and
mix together the combinations from the different locations.

15. The one or more non-transitory machine-readable media of claim 12 , wherein the program code to generate the VIVID data and the HMD data comprises, for each receiver array at the fixed frequency, at least one of program code to generate aZZ+bXX+cYY with a, b, and c being numerical coefficients and program code to generate dIJ+e JI, IJ and JI being different components of the apparent conductivity tensor with d and e being numerical coefficients.

16. The one or more non-transitory machine-readable media of claim 12 , wherein the program code to generate data with respect to evaluation of formation around the wellbo

Assignees

• Halliburton Energy Services Inc

Inventors

• San Martin Luis Emilio
• Hou Junsheng

Classifications

• G01V3/26

  operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device (with electromagnetic waves G01V3/30) · CPC title

• G01V3/28 Primary

  using induction coils · CPC title

• G01N27/041

  of a solid body · CPC title

• G01V3/38

  Processing data, e.g. for analysis, for interpretation, for correction · CPC title

• E21B49/00

  Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells · CPC title