Nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10636582-B2
Application number	US-201716070333-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 20, 2017
Priority date	Jan 22, 2016
Publication date	Apr 28, 2020
Grant date	Apr 28, 2020

Abstract

The disclosure provides a nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element having a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing lithium ions.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing lithium ions; wherein,
the negative electrode has a nonporous negative electrode power collector and a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material provided on both sides of the negative electrode power collector, and the negative electrode active material contains a carbon material capable of intercalating and releasing lithium ions,
the positive electrode has a nonporous positive electrode power collector and a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material provided on both sides of the positive electrode power collector, and the positive electrode active material contains activated carbon, and
the positive electrode active material layer contains 1.60×10 −4 mol/g to 300×10 −4 mol/g of one or more types of compounds selected from compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (3) per unit weight of the positive electrode active material layer:
[Chem. 1]
LiX 1 —OR 1 O—X 2 Li  (1)

wherein, R 1 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and X 1 and X 2 respectively and independently represent —(COO) n , (wherein, n represents 0 or 1),
[Chem. 2]
LiX 1 —OR 1 O—X 2 R 2   (2)

wherein, R 1 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a mono- or polyhydroxyalkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group, and X 1 and X 2 respectively and independently represent —(COO) n , (wherein, n represents 0 or 1), and
[Chem. 3]
R 2 X 1 —OR 1 O—X 2 R 3   (3)

wherein, R 1 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 respectively and independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a mono- or polyhydroxyalkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group, and X 1 and X 2 respectively and independently represent —(COO) n , (wherein, n represents 0 or 1),
wherein the positive electrode further contains at least one lithium compound other than the positive electrode active material,
a negative electrode active material capable of intercalating and releasing lithium ions is coated onto both sides of a nonporous negative electrode power collector of the negative electrode,
C x1 /C y1 is 1.02 to 1.35 when the basis weight of the positive electrode active material layer on one side (C x side) of the positive electrode is defined as C x1 (g/m 2 ) and the basis weight of the positive electrode active material layer on the other side (C y side) is defined as C y1 (g/m 2 ), and
A x1 /A y1 is 1.02 to 1.35 when the basis weight of the negative electrode active material layer on one side of the electrode opposing the C y side (A y side) is defined as A y1 (g/m 2 ) and the basis weight of the negative electrode active material layer on the other side (A x side) is defined as A x1 (g/m 2 ).

2. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active material layer contains 0.30×10 −4 mol/g to 200×10 −4 mol/g of lithium fluoride per unit weight of the positive electrode active material layer.

3. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein 0.20≤A/B≤20.0 when the content of the compound selected from compounds represented by the formulas (1) to (3) per unit weight of the positive electrode active material layer is defined as A and the content of the compound per unit weight of the negative electrode active material layer is defined as B.

4. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active material layer contains a lithium compound other than the active material, and an amount of lithium in the active material layer is calculated from the area of a peak appearing at −40 ppm to 40 ppm in a 7 Li-solid state NMR spectrum, and the amount of lithium is 10.0×10 −4 mol/g to 300×10 −4 mol/g.

5. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the value obtained by dividing the percentage of fluorine atoms (atomic %) by the percentage of carbon atoms (atomic %), which is calculated from the relative element concentration of atoms obtained by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) measurement, on the surface of the separator is 5.0×10 −3 to 200×10 −3 , and
a particulate substance having a particle diameter of 50 nm to 500 nm is present at 1.0 particle/μm 2 to 30.0 particles/μm 2 on the separator surface during SEM observation of the separator surface.

6. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 5 , wherein the value obtained by dividing the percentage of fluorine atoms (atomic %) by the percentage of carbon atoms (atomic %), which is calculated from the relative element concentration of atoms obtained by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) measurement, on the surface of the separator on the side opposing the negative electrode is 10×10 −3 to 100×10 −3 , and
a particulate substance having a particle diameter of 50 nm to 500 nm is present at 4.0 particles/μm 2 to 15.0 particles/μm 2 on the separator surface during SEM observation of the surface of the separator on the side opposing the negative electrode.

7. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode contains a lithium compound, the lithium compound is one or more types of compounds selected from lithium carbonate, lithium oxide, lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium iodide, lithium nitride, lithium oxalate and lithium acetate, 0.1 μm≤X 1 ≤10.0 μm when the average particle diameter of the lithium compound is defined as X 1 , 2.0 μm≤Y 1 ≤20.0 μm when the average particle diameter of the positive electrode active material is defined as Y 1 , X 1 <Y 1 , and the amount of lithium compound contained in the positive electrode is 1% by weight to 50% by weight.

8. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active material layer further contains 2.70×10 −4 mol/g to 130×10 −4 mol/g of a compound represented by the following formula (4) per unit weight of the positive electrode active material layer

9. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode power collector and the negative electrode power collector are nonporous metal foils.

10. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein C x2 /C y2 is 1.02 to 2.00 when the amount of lithium compound per unit area of the C x side is defined as C x2 (g/m 2 ) and the amount of lithium compound per unit area of the C y side is defined as C y2 (g/m 2 ).

11. The nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element acco

Assignees

• Asahi Chemical Ind

Inventors

• Kimura Yuima
• Umetsu Kazuteru
• Morita Hitoshi
• Okada Nobuhiro
• Hirakawa Yuichiro
• Yamahata Yusuke

Classifications

• H01G11/06 Primary

  with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC] · CPC title

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• H01G11/50

  specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation · CPC title

• H01G11/24

  characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor · CPC title

• H01M10/0585

  of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators · CPC title