Activated carbons from dairy products

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10614965-B2
Application number	US-201615350834-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 14, 2016
Priority date	Nov 13, 2015
Publication date	Apr 7, 2020
Grant date	Apr 7, 2020

Abstract

An electrode of an energy storage device and methods of fabrication are provided which include: pyrolyzing a carbon-containing precursor to form a stabilized-carbonized material; and annealing the stabilized-carbonized material to form a structurally-modified activated carbon material. The structurally-modified activated carbon material includes a tunable pore size distribution and an electrochemically-active surface area. The electrochemically-active surface area of the structurally-modified activated carbon material is greater than a surface area of graphene having at least one layer, the surface area of the graphene having at least one layer being about 2630 m 2 g −1 .

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrode of an energy storage device, the electrode comprising:
a structurally-modified activated carbon material derived from a carbon containing material having a heterogeneous micelle-stabilized structure, the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprising a tunable pore size distribution and an electrochemically active surface area, wherein the electrochemically-active surface area is greater than a surface area of graphene having at least one layer, the surface area of graphene having at least one layer being about 2630 m 2 g −1 ; and wherein the carbon containing material is a dairy-based precursor.

2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the tunable pore size distribution of the structurally-modified activated carbon material is modulated to have at least one of a micropore volume and a mesopore volume, the mesopore volume being equal to or greater than the micropore volume of a total pore volume distributed within the structurally-modified activated carbon material.

3. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material has an enhanced energy storage capacity relative to a corresponding current density, the enhanced energy storage capacity being a function of the mesopore volume distributed within the structurally-modified activated carbon material.

4. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material has a microporosity of a pore size that is less than 2 nm, and a mesoporosity of a pore size within a range of about 2 nm to about 50 nm.

5. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprises at least one of an undoped carbon material and a doped carbon material, wherein a dopant of the doped carbon material is at least one of a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom, the dopant having an atomic content of about 0.2 weight % to about 20 weight % of a total weight of the structurally-modified activated carbon material.

6. A positive electrode of an ion energy storage device, the positive electrode comprising:
a structurally-modified activated carbon material of claim 1 .

7. A negative electrode of an ion energy storage device, the negative electrode comprising:
a structurally-modified activated carbon material of claim 1 .

8. An energy storage device, comprising:
an electrode, the electrode comprising a structurally-modified activated carbon material derived from a carbon containing material having a heterogeneous micelle-stabilized structure, the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprising a tunable pore size distribution and an electrochemically active surface area, wherein the electrochemically active surface area is greater than a surface area of graphene having at least one layer, the surface area of graphene having at least one layer being about 2630 m 2 g −1 ; and wherein the carbon containing material is a dairy-based precursor.

9. The energy storage device of claim 8 , wherein the tunable pore size distribution of the structurally-modified activated carbon material is modulated to have at least one of a micropore volume and a mesopore volume, the mesopore volume being either equal to or greater than the micropore volume of a total pore volume distributed within the structurally-modified activated carbon material.

10. The energy storage device of claim 8 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material has an enhanced energy storage capacity relative to a corresponding current density, the enhanced energy storage capacity being a function of the mesopore volume distributed within the structurally-modified activated carbon material.

11. The energy storage device of claim 8 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprises at least one of an undoped carbon material and a doped carbon material, wherein a dopant of the doped carbon material is at least one of a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom, the dopant having an atomic content of about 0.2 weight % to about 20 weight % of a total weight of the structurally-modified activated carbon material.

12. The energy storage device of claim 11 , further comprising a supercapacitor, the supercapacitor utilizing at least one of an organic, an aqueous and an ionic liquid electrolytes, wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material of the electrode is the undoped carbon material.

13. The energy storage device of claim 8 , further comprises a charge transfer ion selected from the group consisting of: lithium ion, calcium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, hydrogen ion, magnesium ion, ClO 4 − , PF 6 − , or any combination thereof.

14. An energy storage device comprising:
an anode; and
a cathode, wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode comprise a structurally-modified activated carbon material derived from a carbon containing material having a heterogeneous micelle-stabilized structure, the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprising a tunable pore size distribution and an electrochemically active surface area, and
wherein the electrochemically active surface area is greater than a surface area of graphene having at least one layer, the surface area of graphene having at least one layer being about 2630 m 2 g −1 ; and wherein the carbon containing material is a dairy-based precursor.

15. The energy storage device of claim 14 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material is the anode, and the cathode comprises at least one of a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode, a nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA) cathode, a nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) cathode, a lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) cathode, and a ceramic positive electrode.

16. The energy storage device of claim 14 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material is the cathode, and the anode comprises at least one of an oxide-based anode, a lithiated tin anode, a lithium metal anode, a sulfur-based anode, a selenium anode, a graphite anode, an activated carbon anode, a graphene anode, a silicon anode, a tin anode, an alloy anode, an oxide anode, a sulfide anode, a nitride anode, and a negative electrode.

17. A energy-storage device comprising:
a housing, the housing comprising dimensions that conform to standardized battery dimensions; and
a capacitor cell, the capacitor cell disposed in the housing and electrically coupled to the housing, wherein the capacitor cell comprises at least one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode comprising a structurally-modified activated carbon material derived from a carbon containing material having a heterogeneous micelle-stabilized structure, the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprising a tunable pore size distribution and an electrochemically active surface area, and wherein the electrochemically active surface area is greater than a surface area of graphene having at least one layer, the surface area of graphene having at least one layer being about 2630 m 2 g −1 ; and wherein the carbon containing material is a dairy-based precursor.

18. The energy-storage device of claim 17 , wherein the housing comprises a form factor of a D-cell sized battery, a pouch cell, a rectangular automotive starter battery scale cell, a C-cell sized battery, an AA-cell sized battery, an AAA-cell sized battery, a 18650 lithium ion battery, or a 26650 lithium ion battery.

19. The energy-storage device of claim 17 , wherein the structurally-modified activated carbon material comprises

Assignees

• Univ Clarkson

Inventors

• Mitlin David
• Pokrzywinski Jesse

Classifications

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• C01B32/342

  characterised by non-gaseous activating agents · CPC title

• H01G11/44

  Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal · CPC title

• H01G11/34 Primary

  characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon · CPC title

• H01G11/06

  with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC] · CPC title