Electrolyte composition and metal-ion battery employing the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10587009-B2
Application number	US-201715852878-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 22, 2017
Priority date	Dec 22, 2017
Publication date	Mar 10, 2020
Grant date	Mar 10, 2020

Abstract

An electrolyte composition and a metal-ion battery employing the same are provided. The electrolyte composition includes a metal halide, a solvent, and an additive. The solvent is an ionic liquid or organic solvent. The molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent is from 1:1 to 2.2:1. The amount of additive is from 1 wt % to 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the metal halide and the solvent. The additive is monochloroethane, trichlorethylene, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, methyl pyidine, methyl nicotinate, or a combination thereof.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrolyte composition, comprising:
a metal halide;
a solvent, wherein the solvent is a halogen-containing ionic liquid or an organic solvent, and the molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent is from 1:1 to 2.2:1; and
an additive, wherein the amount of additive is from 0.1 wt % to 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the metal halide and the solvent, and wherein the additive is monochloroethane, trichlorethylene, trichloroethane, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, methyl pyridine, methyl nicotinate, or a combination thereof.

2. The electrolyte composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal halide is aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, zinc chloride, cupric chloride, manganese chloride, chromium chloride, or a combination thereof.

3. The electrolyte composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the halogen-containing ionic liquid comprises ammonium chloride, azaannulenium chloride, azathiazolium chloride, benzimidazolium chloride, benzofuranium chloride, benzotriazolium chloride, borolium chloride, cholinium chloride, cinnolinium chloride, diazabicyclodecenium chloride, diazabicyclononenium chloride, diazabicyclo-undecenium chloride, dithiazolium chloride, furanium chloride, guanidinium chloride, imidazolium chloride, indazolium chloride, indolinium chloride, indolium chloride, morpholinium chloride, oxaborolium chloride, oxaphospholium chloride, oxazinium chloride, oxazolium chloride, iso-oxazolium chloride, oxathiazolium chloride, pentazolium chloride, phospholium chloride, phosphonium chloride, phthalazinium chloride, piperazinium chloride, piperidinium chloride, pyranium chloride, pyrazinium chloride, pyrazolium chloride, pyridazinium chloride, pyridinium chloride, pyrimidinium chloride, pyrrolidinium chloride, pyrrolium chloride, quinazolinium chloride, quinolinium chloride, iso-quinolinium chloride, quinoxalinium chloride, selenozolium chloride, sulfonium chloride, tetrazolium chloride, iso-thiadiazolium chloride, thiazinium chloride, thiazolium chloride, thiophenium chloride, thiuronium chloride, triazadecenium chloride, triazinium chloride, triazolium chloride, iso-triazolium chloride or uronium chloride.

4. The electrolyte composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is urea, N-methylurea, dimethyl sulfoxide, methylsulfonylmethane or a combination thereof.

5. The electrolyte composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the halogen-containing ionic liquid comprises methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, cholinium chloride, or a combination thereof.

6. A metal-ion battery, comprising:
a positive electrode;
a separator;
a negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode and the positive electrode are separated from each other by the separator; and
the electrolyte composition of claim 1 disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

7. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the positive electrode consists of a current collector and an active material.

8. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the current-collecting layer is conductive carbon substrate.

9. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the conductive carbon substrate is carbon cloth, carbon felt or carbon paper.

10. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the active material is layered carbon material, vanadium oxide or metal sulfide.

11. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the layered carbon material is graphite, carbon nanotube, graphene or a combination thereof.

12. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the graphite is natural graphite, electrographite, pyrolytic graphite, foamed graphite, flake graphite, expanded graphite or a combination thereof.

13. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the negative electrode comprises a metal or an alloy of the metal, a current collector, or a combination thereof.

14. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the metal or the alloy of the metal comprises copper, iron, aluminum, zinc, indium, nickel, tin, chromium, yttrium, titanium, manganese, or molybdenum.

15. The metal-ion battery as claimed in claim 6 , wherein separator is glass fibers, polyethylene, polypropylene, nonwoven fabric, wood fibers, poly(ether sulfones), ceramic fibers, or a combination thereof.

Assignees

• Ind Tech Res Inst

Inventors

• Chiang Chien-Chih
• Wang Lu-Yu
• Huang Mao-Chia

Classifications

• H01M4/661

  Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings (H01M4/669 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M4/38

  of elements or alloys · CPC title

• H01M2300/0028

  characterised by the solvent · CPC title

• H01M4/747

  Woven material · CPC title