Retro guidewire reamer

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10568641-B1
Application number	US-201816124307-A
Country	US
Kind code	B1
Filing date	Sep 7, 2018
Priority date	Sep 7, 2018
Publication date	Feb 25, 2020
Grant date	Feb 25, 2020

Abstract

Retro guidewire reamers include a drill having a tubular shaft configured to be disposed over a guidewire and at least one cutting member movably disposed adjacent the distal end of the shaft. A slide actuator is moveably coupled to the shaft and to an actuator wire slidable along the shaft. The actuator wire is operative to move the at least one cutting member between a closed position and a deployed position when the slide actuator is moved along the shaft. The retro guidewire reamers include mechanisms to protect the mechanical joint between the actuator wire and the slide actuator which prevent the actuator wire from disengaging from the slide actuator when the cutting member is obstructed by a guidewire.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A surgical instrument comprising:
a tubular shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, the shaft configured to be disposed over a guidewire;
at least one cutting member movably disposed adjacent the distal end of the shaft;
a slide actuator moveably coupled to the shaft; and
an actuator wire slidable along the shaft, the actuator wire having a first end coupled to the slide actuator and a second end coupled to the at least one cutting member, the actuator wire operative to move the at least one cutting member between a closed position and a deployed position when the slide actuator is moved along the shaft;
wherein one of the actuator wire and the slide actuator comprises a plurality of teeth configured to engage a flexible member extending from the other of the actuator wire and the slide actuator; and
wherein the flexible member is configured to allow for movement of the slide actuator relative to the shaft at a preselected force when the actuator wire is prevented from sliding along the shaft.

2. The surgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the preselected force is between about 1 lbf and about 8 lbf.

3. The surgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of teeth are formed integrally with the one of the actuator wire and the slide actuator.

4. The surgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of teeth are formed separately and bonded to the one of the actuator wire and the slide actuator.

5. A surgical instrument comprising:
a tubular shaft having a distal end and a proximal end, the shaft configured to be disposed over a guidewire;
at least one cutting member movably disposed adjacent the distal end of the shaft;
a slide actuator moveably coupled to the shaft;
an actuator wire slidable along the shaft, the actuator wire having a first end disposed within the slide actuator and a second end coupled to the at least one cutting member, the actuator wire operative to move the at least one cutting member between a closed position and a deployed position when the slide actuator is moved along the shaft; and
a spring mechanism including a rod fixedly disposed within the slide actuator and a shuttle member configured to move along the rod adjacent at least one compression element, the shuttle member coupled to the first end of the actuator wire;
wherein the shuttle member is configured to compress the at least one compression element, allowing for movement of the slide actuator relative to the shaft when the actuator wire is prevented from sliding along the shaft.

6. The surgical instrument of claim 5 , wherein the at least one compression element is two compression elements, and the shuttle member is disposed between the two compression elements.

7. The surgical instrument of claim 5 , wherein the at least one compression element is a spring.

8. The surgical instrument of claim 5 , wherein the first end of the actuator wire is rigidly coupled to the shuttle member.

9. A surgical instrument comprising:
a tubular shaft having a cannulation extending from a distal end to a proximal end, the shaft configured to be disposed over a guide wire;
at least one cutting member moveably disposed adjacent the distal end of the shaft;
a sheath member axially aligned with the shaft, the sheath member including a pin having an outer portion projecting radially from the sheath member and an inner portion extending through a transverse hole in the shaft in communication with the cannulation;
a slide actuator moveably coupled to the shaft, the slide actuator operatively coupled to the at least one cutting member for moving the at least one cutting member between a retracted and a deployed position, the slide actuator comprising:
an internal slot configured to receive the outer portion of the pin such that the outer portion of the pin is slideable within the slot; and
at least one opening in communication with the slot, the at least one opening configured to receive the outer portion of the pin,

wherein, when the outer portion of the pin is not engaged with the at least one opening, the slide actuator is moveable relative to the shaft, and when the outer portion is engaged with the at least one opening, the slide actuator is fixed relative to the shaft.

10. The surgical instrument of claim 9 , wherein the at least one opening in the slide actuator is two openings, the two openings corresponding to the retracted and deployed position of the cutting member, respectively.

11. The surgical instrument of claim 9 , wherein the pin is attached to a spring element of the sheath, the spring element controlling a displacement path of the pin.

12. The surgical instrument of claim 11 , wherein the spring element is a beam spring.

13. A surgical instrument comprising:
a tubular shaft having a cannulation extending from a proximal end to a distal end, at least one cutting member moveably disposed adjacent the distal end of the shaft;
a slot extending through a surface of the shaft in communication with the cannulation, a diameter of a proximal region and a distal region of the slot selected to be wider than a diameter of an intermediate region of the slot;
a slide actuator slideably coupled to the shaft, the slide actuator operative to move the at least one cutting member between a retracted and a deployed position, the slide actuator comprising a transverse opening in communication with the slot;
a pin having an outer portion and an inner portion terminating in a foot portion, a diameter of the foot portion selected to be wider than a diameter of the inner portion, the pin at least partially disposed within the opening of the slide actuator such that the foot portion extends into one of the proximal or distal regions of the slot;
wherein the pin is actuable from a first position, in which interference between the foot portion of the pin and the intermediate region of the slot prevents the slide actuator from axial movement along the shaft, to a second position, in which the foot portion of the pin extends into the cannulation of the shaft and the slide actuator is axially moveable along the shaft.

14. The surgical instrument of claim 13 , further comprising a spring radially disposed about the inner portion of the pin, the spring configured to bias the outer portion of the pin away from the shaft.

15. The surgical instrument of claim 13 , wherein the inner portion of the pin is configured to axially slide along the intermediate region of the slot.

16. The surgical instrument of claim 13 , wherein the proximal and distal regions of the slot correspond to the retracted and deployed positions of the cutting member, respectively.

Assignees

• Smith & Nephew Inc
• Smith & Nephew Pte Ltd
• Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics Ag

Inventors

• Karasic Geoffrey
• Malone Miles Steven Holt
• Gutierrez Roman
• Callaghan David
• Cunningham Matthew
• Liu Chun

Classifications

• A61B17/1617 Primary

  with mobile or detachable parts · CPC title

• A61B17/1633

  Sleeves, i.e. non-rotating parts surrounding the bit shaft, e.g. the sleeve forming a single unit with the bit shaft (A61B17/1644 takes precedence) · CPC title

• A61B17/32002

  with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments · CPC title

• A61B17/1615

  Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material · CPC title

• A61B2017/320056

  Tunnelers · CPC title