Galvanic element

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10535894-B2
Application number	US-201514680872-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 7, 2015
Priority date	Apr 9, 2014
Publication date	Jan 14, 2020
Grant date	Jan 14, 2020

Abstract

A galvanic element includes the following elements in the order listed: a current collector associated with an anode; the anode; an ion-conducting separator in the form of a continuous layer; a cathode; and a current collector associated with the cathode. The anode encompasses an ion-conducting support structure, and both the ion-conducting support structure and the separator encompasses an ion-conducting material. The ion-conducing support structure is porous.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A galvanic element, comprising, in the following order:
a current collector associated with an anode;
the anode, wherein the anode includes an ion-conducting support structure with a first porosity, defined by pores in the ion-conducting support structure, at a particular volume percent of the ion-conducting support structure;
an ion-conducting separator in the form of a continuous layer consisting of a same ion-conducting material as that of which the ion-conducting support structure of the anode is formed but without a porosity as great as that of the ion-conducting support structure of the anode;
a cathode; and
a current collector associated with the cathode.

2. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ion-conducting material is a lithium ion-conducting ceramic.

3. The galvanic element as recited in claim 2 , wherein the ion-conducting material is lithium garnet.

4. The galvanic element as recited in claim 2 , wherein the separator is manufactured by aerosol coating.

5. The galvanic element as recited in claim 2 , wherein the cathode includes an ion conductor.

6. The galvanic element as recited in claim 5 , wherein the ion conductor is a further ion-conducting support structure made of an ion-conducting material which is porous.

7. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , further comprising an electrolyte layer that includes a polymer electrolyte and that is arranged between the ion-conducting separator and the cathode.

8. The galvanic element as recited in claim 5 , wherein the ion conductor is a liquid electrolyte.

9. The galvanic element as recited in claim 5 , wherein the ion conductor is a further separator impregnated with a liquid electrolyte.

10. The galvanic element as recited in claim 5 , wherein the ion conductor is a polymer electrolyte.

11. The galvanic element as recited in claim 2 , wherein the porosity of the porously configured ion-conducting support structure is between 20 vol % and 90 vol %.

12. A battery cell, comprising:
a cell housing; and
a galvanic element including, in the following order:
a current collector associated with an anode;
the anode, wherein the anode includes an ion-conducting support structure with a first porosity, defined by pores in the ion-conducting support structure, at a particular volume percent of the ion-conducting support structure;
an ion-conducting separator in the form of a continuous layer consisting of a same ion-conducting material as that of which the ion-conducting support structure of the anode is formed but without a porosity as great as that of the ion-conducting support structure of the anode;
a cathode; and
a current collector associated with the cathode.

13. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein:
the ion-conducting separator is at a first side of the ion conducting support structure; and
a film that is press-fit onto a second side of the ion conducting support structure includes metallic lithium that penetrates into pores of the ion conducting support structure.

14. The galvanic element as recited in claim 13 , wherein the current collector associated with the anode is at the second side of the ion conducting support structure.

15. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein:
the ion conducting support structure is arranged at a first side of the separator;
the current collector associated with the anode is applied onto the ion conducting support structure;
the cathode includes an active material applied onto a second side of the separator that is opposite the first side; and
the anode, ion-conducting separator, current collector associated with the anode, and the cathode are part of a structure that is arranged and structured for being charged and for lithium ions to move out of the active material of the cathode, through the separator, and then deposit partly in pores of the support structure and partly on the current collector associated with the anode during a first charging of the structure.

16. A galvanic element prior to an initial charging of the galvanic element, the galvanic element comprising:
a structure that includes:
an anode that includes an ion conducting support structure with a first porosity, defined by pores in the ion conducting support structure at a particular volume percent of the ion conducting support structure, and without appreciable presence of lithium ions housed in the ion conducting support structure;
an ion-conducting separator at a first side of which the anode is arranged and that includes a same ion-conducting material as that of which the ion conducting support structure of the anode is formed but without a porosity as great as that of the ion conducting support structure of the anode;
a current collector that is associated with the anode, is applied onto the ion conducting support structure, and on which no lithium ions are deposited; and
a cathode that (a) includes an active material that is applied onto a second side of the separator that is opposite the first side and includes lithium ions, and (b) is separated from the ion conducting support structure by the ion-conducting separator;

wherein the structure is arranged and structured for being charged and for at least some of the lithium ions in the active material of the cathode to move out of the active material of the cathode, through the separator, and then deposit partly in the pores of the support structure and partly on the current collector associated with the anode during the initial charging of the structure.

17. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein the anode further includes a carbon layer deposited on the ion-conducting support structure.

18. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ion-conducting separator is non-porous or has a porosity of less than 5 vol %.

19. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein the particular volume percent of the first porosity is 50-80 vol %.

20. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein the particular volume percent of the first porosity is 60-80 vol %.

21. The galvanic element as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ion-conducting separator is non-porous or has a porosity of less than 5 vol % and the particular volume percent of the first porosity is 20-90 vol %.

Assignees

• Bosch Gmbh Robert

Inventors

• Engel Christine
• Butzin Michael
• Kerkamm Ingo

Classifications

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M10/0562 Primary

  Solid materials · CPC title

• H01M10/052

  Li-accumulators · CPC title

• H01M10/0565

  Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type · CPC title

• H01M10/058

  Construction or manufacture · CPC title