Two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10493408-B2
Application number	US-201515527704-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 17, 2015
Priority date	Nov 17, 2014
Publication date	Dec 3, 2019
Grant date	Dec 3, 2019

Abstract

The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane includes a stack of two-dimensional metal carbide layers. A two-dimensional metal carbide included in the two-dimensional metal carbide layers may have the formula Ti3C2Tx, where T represents a terminating functional group, and x represents a number of the terminating functional groups. The terminating group may be oxygen, hydroxide (OH), fluorine or combinations thereof. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane includes nano-channels which are selectively permeable to ions. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane is selectivity permeable to a number of different cations, including Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+ and Al3+, with counter Cl− anions. Permeation rates depend on the charges of the cations and the ions' hydrated radius, with a critical point around 4.0 Å. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membranes can be used as desalination and/or water filtration membranes.

First claim

We claim:

1. A two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane, comprising: a polymer substrate, a plurality of stacked, two-dimensional metal carbide layers, each of the two-dimensional metal carbide layers being hydrophilic and including a two-dimensional metal carbide having the formula Ti 3 C 2 T x , wherein T represents a terminal functional group, and x represents the number of the terminal functional groups, wherein two-dimensional, carbide layers are configured to define uniform two dimensional nano-channels, orderly stacked and with an overall thickness of between 1 um-2 um, thereby being permeable to ions, molecules, gases and water, further wherein the stacked, two-dimensional metal carbide layers are layered on the polymer substrate.

2. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane as recited in claim 1 , wherein the terminal functional group comprises at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of oxygen, hydroxide (OH), and fluorine.

3. A two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane, comprising a comprising a plurality of stacked, two-dimensional, carbide-polymer composite layers, each of the two-dimensional metal carbide layers being hydrophilic and including a two-dimensional metal carbide having the formula Ti 3 C 2 T x , wherein T represents a terminal functional group and x represents the number of the terminal functional groups, wherein two-dimensional, carbide-polymer composite layers are configured to define uniform two dimensional nano-channels, orderly stacked and with an overall thickness of between 1 um-2 um.

4. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer substrate comprises polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

5. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane as recited in claim 3 , wherein the polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol.

Assignees

• Mahmoud Khaled Ahmed
• Gogotsi Yury
• Ren Chang Evelyn
• Qatar Found Education Science & Community Dev

Inventors

• Mahmoud Khaled Ahmed
• Gogotsi Yury
• Ren Chang Evelyn

Classifications

• B01D61/14

  Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration · CPC title

• C02F1/44

  by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis {(general membrane separation processes B01D61/00, membrane modules B01D63/00, electrodialysis C02F1/4693, combination of membrane modules and bioreactors C02F3/1268)} · CPC title

• Y02A20/131

  Reverse-osmosis · CPC title

• C02F2103/08

  Seawater, e.g. for desalination · CPC title

• B01D69/148

  Organic/inorganic mixed matrix membranes · CPC title