Phase-pure, two-dimensional, multilayered perovskites for optoelectronic applications

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10476017-B2
Application number	US-201615767012-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 11, 2016
Priority date	Oct 11, 2015
Publication date	Nov 12, 2019
Grant date	Nov 12, 2019

Abstract

Highly phase-pure, two-dimensional, multilayered organic-inorganic hybrid, halide perovskites are provided. Also provided are optoelectronic devices that incorporate the halide perovskites as photoactive materials.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A material comprising homologous, two-dimensional halide perovskites having the formula (RNH 3 ) 2 A (n−1) M n X (3n+1) or the formula (H 3 NRNH 3 )A (n−1) M n X (3n+1) , where R is an aliphatic or aromatic chain, A is a small organic or inorganic cation, M is a divalent metal cation, X is a halide anion, and n is an integer having a value of 3 or greater, wherein at least 95%, based on mole fraction, of the material comprises the two-dimensional halide perovskites having the same n value.

2. The material of claim 1 , wherein n has a value of 4 or greater.

3. The material of claim 1 , wherein at least 95%, based on mole fraction, of the material comprises the two-dimensional halide perovskites having an n value of 4.

4. The material of claim 1 , wherein A is CH 3 NH 3 .

5. The material of claim 4 , wherein M is Pb, Sn or Ge.

6. The material of claim 1 , wherein A is HC(NH 2 ) 2 .

7. The material of claim 1 , wherein A is Cs.

8. The material of claim 1 , wherein A is Rb.

9. The material of claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskites have the formula (RNH 3 ) 2 A (n−1) M n X (3n+1) .

10. The material of claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskites have the formula (H 3 NRNH 3 )A (n−1) M n X (3n+1) .

11. The material of claim 1 comprising at least one gram of the homologous, two-dimensional halide perovskites.

12. An optoelectronic device comprising:
(a) a first electrode comprising an electrically conductive material;
(b) a second electrode comprising an electrically conductive material; and
(c) the material of claim 1 in electrical communication with the first electrode and the second electrode.

13. A method of making the material of claim 1 , the method comprising reacting a small organic or inorganic cation (A) and a halide of a divalent metal cation (M) with a sub-stoichiometric quantity of an aromatic or aliphatic ammonium cation in a solution, heating the solution to a temperature above room temperature, and allowing the solution to cool, whereby substantially phase-pure two-dimensional halide perovskites precipitate out of the solution, wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskites have the formula (RNH 3 ) 2 A (n−1) M n X (3n+1) or the formula (H 3 NRNH 3 )A (n−1) M n X (3n+1) and at least 95%, based on mole fraction, of the material comprises the two-dimensional halide perovskites having the same n value.

14. A material comprising homologous, two-dimensional halide perovskites having the formula (RNH 3 )A n M n X (3n+1) , where R is an aliphatic or aromatic chain, A is a small organic or inorganic cation, M is a divalent metal cation, X is a halide anion, and n is an integer having a value of 1 or greater.

15. The material of claim 14 , wherein n has a value of 2 or greater.

16. The material of claim 14 , wherein A is CH 3 NH 3 .

17. The material of claim 16 , wherein M is Pb, Sn, or Ge.

18. The material of claim 17 , wherein RNH 3 is C(NH 2 ) 3 .

19. The material of claim 14 , wherein A is HC(NH 2 ) 2 .

20. The material of claim 14 , wherein A is Cs.

21. The material of claim 14 , wherein A is Rb.

22. The material of claim 14 , wherein A is C(NH 2 ) 3 .

Assignees

• Univ Northwestern

Inventors

• Kanatzidis Mercouri G
• Cao Duyen H
• Stoumpos Konstantinos

Classifications

• C30B29/54

  Organic compounds · CPC title

• C30B29/12

  Halides · CPC title

• B32B19/00

  Layered products comprising {a layer of} natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica · CPC title

• H01L51/0025

  Electricity · mapped topic

• H01L51/0007

  Electricity · mapped topic