Nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10446847-B2
Application number	US-201515324419-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 8, 2015
Priority date	Jul 9, 2014
Publication date	Oct 15, 2019
Grant date	Oct 15, 2019

Abstract

A non-aqueous lithium-type power storage element obtained by a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte and an electrode laminate having a negative electrode body, a positive electrode body, and a separator being accommodated in an exterior body, wherein: the negative electrode body includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material including a carbon material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element comprising an electrode laminate body having a negative electrode body, a positive electrode body and a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, housed in an external body, wherein
the negative electrode body has a negative current collector and a negative electrode active material layer provided on one or both sides of the negative current collector, the negative electrode active material layer comprising a negative electrode active material that includes a carbon material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, the carbon material comprising at least one composite porous material selected from the group consisting of composite porous materials having a carbonaceous material coated over activated carbon, and composite porous materials having a carbonaceous material coated over carbon black,
the negative electrode active material is doped with lithium ions at between 530 mAh/g and 2,500 mAh/g, inclusive, per unit weight of the composite porous material,
the nonaqueous electrolyte has at least 0.5 mol/L of a lithium salt based on the total amount of the nonaqueous electrolyte, and
the nonaqueous electrolyte includes at least one ion selected from the group consisting of the following (a) and (b):
(a) SO 3 2− ion
(b) SO 4 2− ion

in a liquid extract when the negative electrode active material layer is extracted with water, the total amount thereof being in the range of 3.0×10 −8 to 5.0×10 −6 mol/m 2 on a surface of the negative electrode active material layer.

2. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises LiN(SO 2 F) 2 at a concentration of between 0.3 mol/L and 1.5 mol/L, inclusive, based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution.

3. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises at least one from among LiPF 6 and LiBF 4 .

4. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein
the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent including
(a) at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, and
(b) at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and ethylmethyl carbonate, and
the volume ratio of (b) is at least 20% based on the total amount of the organic solvent.

5. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent including a compound represented by the following formula (c1):
R 1 —O—R 2 (c1),

wherein
R 1 is a halogen atom or a halogenated alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and
R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

6. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein
the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formulae (c2) and (c3):
R 1 —O—R 2 (c2)

wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or —Ra—O—Rb, in which Ra is methylene or an alkylene group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and Rb is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different, with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 are not both hydrogen atoms, and
R 3 —OC(═O)—R 4 (c3)

wherein R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.

7. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 5 , wherein
compound (c1) in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of C 2 F 5 OCH 3 , C 3 F 7 OCH 3 , C 4 F 9 OCH 3 , C 6 F 13 OCH 3 , C 2 F 50 C 2 H 5 , C 3 F 70 C 2 H 5 , C 4 F 9 OC 2 H 5 , C 2 F 5 CF (OCH 3 )C 3 F 7 , CF 3 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, CHF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CF 3 , CHF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CHF 2 , CF 3 CH 2 OCF 2 CHFCF 3 and C 3 HF 6 CH (CH 3 )OC 3 HF 6 , and
the volume ratio of the compounds is 0.1% to 50% based on the total amount of the organic solvent.

8. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 6 , wherein
compound (c2) in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, 1,2-dipropoxyethane, 1,2-dibutoxyethane, 1,2-ethoxymethoxyethane, 1,2-propoxymethoxyethane, 1,2-butoxymethoxyethane, 1,2-propoxyethoxyethane, 1,2-butoxyethoxyethane and 1,2-butoxypropoxyethane, and
the volume ratio of the compounds is 0.1% to 50% based on the total amount of the organic solvent.

9. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 6 , wherein
compound (c3) in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, butyl propionate and isobutyl propionate, and
the volume ratio of the compounds is 0.1% to 50% based on the total amount of the organic solvent.

10. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein
the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent including
(a) at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, and
(b) at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and ethylmethyl carbonate,
the volume ratio of (b) is at least 0.5% and less than 20% based on the total amount of the organic solvent, and
the separator is a laminated separator prepared by laminating a polyolefin porous film and an insulating porous film.

11. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 10 , wherein the flash point of the nonaqueous electrolyte is 70° C. or higher.

12. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 11 , wherein the thickness of the polyolefin porous film of the laminated separator is between 5 μm and 35 μm, inclusive, and the ratio of the thickness of the insulating porous film with respect to that of the polyolefin porous film (thickness of insulating porous film/thickness of polyolefin porous film) is 0.25 to 1.00.

13. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent comprising propylene carbonate.

14. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte further comprises at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of sultone compounds, cyclic phosphazenes, fluorinated cyclic carbonates, cyclic carbonates, cyclic carboxylates and cyclic acid anhydrides.

15. A nonaqueous lithium-type power storage element according to claim 14 , wherein
the sultone compound is at least one formula selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formulae (1), (2) and (3):

wherein R 1 -R 6 represent one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, alkyl groups with 1 to 12 carbon atoms and halogenated alkyl groups with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and may be the same or diffe

Assignees

• Asahi Chemical Ind

Inventors

• Okada Nobuhiro
• Kimura Yuima
• Yamahata Yusuke
• Saito Osamu
• Niimura Kensuke
• Takami Hidefumi

Classifications

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• H01G11/50

  specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title