Electrode material including lithium transition metal oxide, lithium iron phosphate, further iron-phosphorous compound. and carbon, and lithium battery including the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10446833-B2
Application number	US-201415023046-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 16, 2014
Priority date	Sep 20, 2013
Publication date	Oct 15, 2019
Grant date	Oct 15, 2019

Abstract

Electrode materials comprising (a) at least one compound of general formula (I) Li(1+x)[NiaCObMncM1d](1-x)O2 (I) the integers being defined as follows: x is in the range of from 0.01 to 0.05, a is in the range of from 0.3 to 0.6, b is in the range of from zero to 0.35, c is in the range of from 0.2 to 0.6, d is in the range of from zero to 0.05, a+b+c+d=1 M1 is at least one metal selected from Ca, Zn, Fe, Ti, Ba, Al, (b) at least one compound of general formula (II) LiFe(1-x)M2yPO4 (II) y is in the range of from zero to 0.8 M2 is at least one element selected from Ti, Co, Mn, Ni, V, Mg, Nd, Zn and Y, that contains at least one further iron-phosphorous compound, in form of a solid solution in compound (b) or in domains, (c) carbon in electrically conductive modification.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An electrode material, comprising:
(a) a component comprising a compound of formula (I):
Li (1+x) [Ni a CO b Mn c M 1 d ] (1-x) O 2   (I),

wherein, in formula (I):
x is in the range of from 0.01 to 0.05,
a is in the range of from 0.3 to 0.6,
b is in the range of from zero to 0.35,
c is in the range of from 0.2 to 0.6,
d is in the range of from zero to 0.05,
a+b+c+d=1, and
M 1 is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ca, Zn, Fe, Ti, Ba, and Al;

(b) a component comprising:
a compound of formula (II):
LiFe (1-y) M 2 y PO 4   (II),

wherein, in formula (II):
y is in the range of from zero to 0.8
M 2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Co, Mn, Ni, V, Mg, Nd, Zn and Y, and

a further iron-phosphorus compound, in form of a solid solution in the compound of formula (II) or in domains, wherein said further iron-phosphorus compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and Fe 2 P 2 O 7 ; and

(c) carbon in electrically conductive modification,
wherein the compound of formula (II) is obtained by reacting a molar excess of Fe with respect to Li or, if M 2 is present, a molar excess of Fe and M 2 with respect to Li,
wherein an average particle diameter, D 50 , of secondary particles of the component (a) is in a range from 6 μm to 16 μm, and
wherein the component (b) is in the form of agglomerates of primary particles, said agglomerates having an average diameter, D 50 , in a range from 1-10 μm.

2. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein, in formula (I):
a is in the range of from 0.32 to 0.50,
b is in the range of from 0.20 to 0.33,
c is in the range of from 0.30 to 0.40, and
d is zero.

3. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the component (a) is a gradient material.

4. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the component (a) has a BET surface area in the range of from 0.2 m 2 /g to 10 m 2 /g.

5. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the component (b) has a BET surface area in the range of from 5 m 2 /g to 35 m 2 /g.

6. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the component (b) has a BET surface area in the range of from 5 m 2 /g to 15 m 2 /g.

7. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein, in formula (II), y is not zero and M 2 is Ti, Co, or Mn.

8. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the component (a) to the component (b) is in the range of from 30:70 to 97.5:2.5.

9. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the average particle diameter, D 50 , of secondary particles of the component (a) is from 7 μm to 9 μm, and wherein the average diameter, D 50 , of the agglomerates of the primary particles of component (b) is from 2 μm to 5 μm.

10. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the further iron-phosphorus compound is in the form of a solid solution in the compound of formula (II).

11. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the further iron-phosphorus compound is distributed in grain boundaries.

12. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the further iron-phosphorus compound is in domains having an average diameter of 0.1-1 μm.

13. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of carbon (c) is in the range of 1 to 8% by weight, relative to the component (b).

14. A cathode, comprising:
the electrode material according to claim 1 ; and
a binder (d).

15. A battery, comprising:
(A) the cathode of claim 14 ; (B) an anode; and
(C) an electrolyte.

16. A method for using a battery according to claim 15 , the method comprising:
incorporating said battery into an automobile or other mobile appliance.

Assignees

• Basf Se

Inventors

• Krkljus Ivana
• Volkov Aleksei
• Sueling Carsten

Classifications

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• H01M4/364 Primary

  as mixtures · CPC title

• C01G53/50

  of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2 · CPC title

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title