Blood purification apparatus

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10441699-B2
Application number	US-201715654880-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 20, 2017
Priority date	Jan 23, 2015
Publication date	Oct 15, 2019
Grant date	Oct 15, 2019

Abstract

A blood purification apparatus includes a blood circuit, a dialyzer capable of purifying the blood flowing through the blood circuit, a blood pump provided to an arterial blood circuit and that delivers the blood in the blood circuit, and an air-trap chamber capable of collecting air in the blood flowing through the blood circuit. A peristaltic pump (a substitution-fluid-infusion device) that is capable of infusing a substitution fluid is connected to the air-trap chamber. A substitution fluid layer is formable on a blood layer in the air-trap chamber. The air-trap chamber is provided with a blood-interface-detecting device that is capable of detecting an interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer that are formed in the air-trap chamber. A lack of substitution fluid in the air-trap chamber is detectable on the basis of the interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer that is detected by the blood-interface-detecting device.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A blood purification apparatus comprising:
a blood circuit including an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit and through which blood of a patient is allowed to extracorporeally circulate from a distal end of the arterial blood circuit to a distal end of the venous blood circuit;
a blood purification device interposed between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit of the blood circuit that is capable of purifying the blood flowing through the blood circuit;
a blood pump provided to the arterial blood circuit that delivers the blood in the blood circuit;
an air-trap chamber connected to the blood circuit that collects air in the blood flowing through the blood circuit, the air trap chamber comprising:
a substitution-fluid inlet; and
an air inlet and an air outlet for an air layer located within the air-trap chamber;
a substitution fluid layer that is provided on a blood layer and under the air layer in the air-trap chamber so that the air layer is free of contact with the blood layer;
a substitution-fluid-infusion device that infuses a substitution fluid into the air-trap chamber by the substitution-fluid inlet so that the substitution fluid is distributed in the substitution fluid layer;
an air-volume-adjusting device is connected to the air inlet and the air outlet of the air-trap chamber that is capable of infusing and discharging air into and from the air layer;
a blood-interface-detecting device that detects an interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer that are formed in the air-trap chamber; and
wherein a lack of the substitution fluid in the air-trap chamber is detectable on a basis of the interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer that is detected by the blood-interface-detecting device; and if the lack of the substitution fluid in the air-trap chamber is detected, the blood pump or the substitution-fluid-infusion device is controlled to reduce a volume of the blood layer or to increase a volume of the substitution fluid layer in order to solve the lack of the substitution fluid.

2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the blood purification apparatus is capable of issuing a predetermined notification if the lack of the substitution fluid in the air-trap chamber is detected.

3. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the blood-interface-detecting device is capable of detecting the interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer in a non-contact manner from an outer side face of the air-trap chamber and at a predetermined duty ratio.

4. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the air layer is formable on the substitution fluid layer in the air-trap chamber; and the air-trap chamber is provided with an air-interface-detecting device that is capable of detecting an interface between the substitution fluid layer and the air layer that are formed in the air-trap chamber.

5. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the blood-interface-detecting device is capable of detecting the interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer in a non-contact manner from an outer side face of the air-trap chamber and at a predetermined duty ratio.

6. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the air layer is formable on the substitution fluid layer in the air-trap chamber; and the air-trap chamber is provided with an air-interface-detecting device that is capable of detecting an interface between the substitution fluid layer and the air layer that are formed in the air-trap chamber.

7. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the air layer is formable on the substitution fluid layer in the air-trap chamber; and the air-trap chamber is provided with an air-interface-detecting device that is capable of detecting an interface between the substitution fluid layer and the air layer that are formed in the air-trap chamber.

8. The blood purification device according to claim 4 , wherein the air-interface-detecting device includes a transmitting element and a receiving element positioned across the air-trap chamber from each other in a diametrical direction of the air-trap chamber and in communication with each other.

9. The blood purification device according to claim 8 , wherein the transmitting element is a light-emitting element and the receiving element is a light-receiving element configured to send a signal across the diametrical direction of the air-trap chamber between the transmitting element and the receiving element.

10. The blood purification device according to claim 8 , wherein the transmitting element is an ultrasonic vibration element and the receiving element is an ultrasonic receiving element configured to send a signal across the diametrical direction of the air-trap chamber between the transmitting element and the receiving element.

11. The blood purification device according to claim 8 , wherein the transmitting element of the air-interface-detecting device is a pair of transmitting elements and the receiving element of the air-interface-detecting device is a pair of receiving elements.

12. The blood purification device according to claim 1 , wherein the air-trap chamber is connected to an airflow tube and the air inlet is provided at a point of connection to the airflow tube.

13. A blood purification apparatus comprising:
a blood circuit including an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit and through which blood of a patient is allowed to extracorporeally circulate from a distal end of the arterial blood circuit to a distal end of the venous blood circuit;
a blood purification device interposed between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit of the blood circuit that is capable of purifying the blood flowing through the blood circuit;
a blood pump provided to the arterial blood circuit that delivers the blood in the blood circuit;
an air-trap chamber connected to the blood circuit and that is capable of collecting air in the blood flowing through the blood circuit, the air trap chamber comprising:
a substitution-fluid inlet; and
an air inlet and an air outlet in communication with an air layer located within the air-trap chamber; and
a monitor,
a substitution-fluid-infusion device that infuses a substitution fluid into the air-trap chamber by the substitution-fluid inlet so that the substitution fluid is distributed in the substitution fluid layer;
a substitution fluid layer is provided on a blood layer and under the air layer in the air-trap chamber, so that the air layer is free of contact with the blood layer;
an air-volume-adjusting device is connected to the air inlet and the air outlet of the air-trap
chamber that is capable of infusing and discharging air into and from the air layer:
a blood-interface-detecting device that detects an interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer that are formed in the air-trap chamber; and
wherein a lack of the substitution fluid in the air-trap chamber is detectable on a basis of the interface between the blood layer and the substitution fluid layer that is detected by the blood-interface-detecting device; and if the lack of the substitution fluid in the air-trap chamber is detected, an indication representing the lack of the substitution fluid is displayed on the monitor in order to solve the lack of the substitution fluid.

14. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein, if the lack of the substitution fluid in the air-trap ch

Assignees

• Nikkiso Co Ltd

Inventors

• Mochizuki Hiroaki

Classifications

• A61M2205/3375

  Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means · CPC title

• A61M2205/3306

  Optical measuring means · CPC title

• A61M2205/3389

  Continuous level detection (A61M2205/3393 takes precedence) · CPC title

• A61M1/3627

  Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters · CPC title

• B01D19/0021

  by bringing the liquid in a thin layer · CPC title