Negative electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and method of producing negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10418627-B2
Application number	US-201615580556-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 10, 2016
Priority date	Jun 17, 2015
Publication date	Sep 17, 2019
Grant date	Sep 17, 2019

Abstract

A negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, includes: negative electrode active material particles that contain a silicon compound (SiO x : 0.5≤x≤1.6) containing a Li compound, wherein the silicon compound is at least partially coated with a carbon coating, and at least a part of a surface of the silicon compound, a surface of the carbon coating, or both of them are coated with a composite layer that contains a composite composed of amorphous metal oxide and metal hydroxide. This provides a negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is highly stable in aqueous slurry, having a high capacity, favorable cycle performance and first efficiency.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
negative electrode active material particles that contain a silicon compound (SiO x : 0.5≤x≤1.6) containing a Li compound,
wherein the silicon compound is at least partially coated with a carbon coating, and
at least a part of a surface of the silicon compound, a surface of the carbon coating, or both of them is coated with a composite layer that contains a composite composed of amorphous metal oxide and metal hydroxide.

2. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide and the metal hydroxide contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and zirconium.

3. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the composite layer has a thickness of 10 nm or less.

4. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 2 , wherein the composite layer has a thickness of 10 nm or less.

5. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 3 , wherein the composite layer has a thickness of 5 nm or less.

6. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4 , wherein the composite layer has a thickness of 5 nm or less.

7. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound contains Li 2 SiO 3 as the Li compound.

8. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 2 , wherein the silicon compound contains Li 2 SiO 3 as the Li compound.

9. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 3 , wherein the silicon compound contains Li 2 SiO 3 as the Li compound.

10. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4 , wherein the silicon compound contains Li 2 SiO 3 as the Li compound.

11. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 5 , wherein the silicon compound contains Li 2 SiO 3 as the Li compound.

12. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 6 , wherein the silicon compound contains Li 2 SiO 3 as the Li compound.

13. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound has a peak attributable to SiO 2 -region given in the chemical shift value of −95 to −150 ppm in a 29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum.

14. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound satisfies a relationship of A>B where A and B are respectively an intensity of a peak attributable to Li 2 SiO 3 given in the chemical shift value in the vicinity of −75 ppm and an intensity of a peak attributable to SiO 2 -region given in the chemical shift value of −95 to −150 ppm in a 29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum.

15. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein
a test cell composed of a negative electrode produced by using a negative electrode active material in which the negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a carbon-based active material are mixed, together with a lithium counter electrode, exhibits a peak at an electric potential V of the negative electrode ranging from 0.40 V to 0.55 V in discharging when the test cell is charged and discharged to graph a relationship between a derivative dQ/dV of a discharging capacity Q with respect to the electric potential V of the negative electrode on the basis of the lithium counter electrode, together with the electric potential V, where current flows in a direction in which the lithium of the negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is extracted in the discharging.

16. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound exhibits a diffraction peak having a half width (2θ) of 1.2° or more, the diffraction peak being attributable to a Si(111) crystal face and obtained by X-ray diffraction, and a crystallite size attributable to the crystal face is 7.5 nm or less.

17. The negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound has a median size of 0.5 μm or more and 15 μm or less.

18. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising the negative electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 .

19. A method of producing a negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing negative electrode active material particles, comprising the steps of:
producing silicon oxide particles shown by the general formula of SiO x (0.5≤x≤1.6),
coating each surface of the silicon oxide particles with a carbon coating,
subjecting the silicon oxide particles coated with the carbon coating to insertion and extraction of Li to modify the silicon oxide particles, and
forming a composite layer that contains a composite composed of amorphous metal oxide and metal hydroxide to coat each surface of the modified silicon oxide particles with the composite layer,
wherein the negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is produced by using the silicon oxide particles coated with the composite layer.

20. The method of producing a negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 19 , wherein the composite layer is formed on the surface of the modified silicon oxide particles by hydrolysis and dehydration condensation of metal alkoxide in the step of forming a composite layer.

Assignees

• Shinetsu Chemical Co

Inventors

• Hirose Takakazu
• KAMO Hiromichi

Classifications

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M4/1393

  of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01M4/1391

  of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx · CPC title

• H01M4/139

  Processes of manufacture · CPC title

• H01M4/133

  Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title