Ceramic multilayer filter membrane

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10413870-B2
Application number	US-201615361056-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 24, 2016
Priority date	May 27, 2014
Publication date	Sep 17, 2019
Grant date	Sep 17, 2019

Abstract

A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium is provided with at least one first layer that has as a main component an oxide ceramic material and is provided with at least one second layer that has as a main component a non-oxide ceramic material. The first layer is a carrier layer and the second layer is a separation layer that filters the medium and generates a retentate and a permeate.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium, the filter membrane comprising:
at least one first layer mostly comprised of an oxide ceramic material;
at least one second layer mostly comprised of a non-oxide ceramic material,
wherein the at least one first layer comprises one or more additives,
wherein the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of SiO 2 and nanoscale oxide ceramic particles and wherein the one or more additives are contained with up to 20% by weight in the at least one first layer.

2. The filter membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one first layer is a carrier layer and wherein the at least one second layer is a separation layer configured to filter the medium and generate a retentate and a permeate, wherein the separation layer is arranged immediately on the at least one first layer.

3. The filter membrane according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one first layer is exclusively comprised of the oxide ceramic material.

4. The filter membrane according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one second layer is exclusively comprised of the non-oxide ceramic material.

5. The filter membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the oxide ceramic material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum(III) oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium(IV) oxide (ZrO 2 ), titanium(IV) oxide (TiO 2 ), yttrium(III) oxide (Y 2 O 3 ), and silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), and combinations thereof.

6. The filter membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the non-oxide ceramic material is selected from the group consisting of nitride, carbide, and a combination of nitride and carbide.

7. The filter membrane according to claim 6 , wherein the carbide is silicon carbide (SiC) and wherein the nitride is selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), aluminum nitride (AlN), and cubic boron nitride (BN), and combinations thereof.

8. A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium, the filter membrane comprising:
at least one first layer mostly comprised of an oxide ceramic material;
at least one second layer mostly comprised of a non-oxide ceramic material,
wherein the at least one first layer comprises one or more additives,
wherein the one or more additives are configured to adapt a thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one first layer to a thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one second layer or to improve a mechanical strength of the at least one first layer.

9. A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium, the filter membrane comprising:
at least one first layer mostly comprised of an oxide ceramic material;
at least one second layer mostly comprised of a non-oxide ceramic material,
wherein the at least one first layer comprises one or more additives,
wherein the one or more additives are nanoscale particles,
wherein the nanoscale particles have a particle size with an average diameter of smaller than 100 nm.

10. A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium, the filter membrane comprising:
at least one first layer mostly comprised of an oxide ceramic material;
at least one second layer mostly comprised of a non-oxide ceramic material,
wherein the at least one second layer comprises one or more additives,
wherein the one or more additives are configured to increase a material strength of the at least one second layer.

11. The filter membrane according to claim 10 , wherein the one or more additives are contained with up to 20% by weight in the at least one second layer.

12. The filter membrane according to claim 10 , wherein the one or more additives are an oxide ceramic material.

13. The filter membrane according to claim 12 , wherein the oxide ceramic material is zirconium(IV) oxide (ZrO 2 ) or boehmite.

14. The filter membrane according to claim 10 , wherein the one or more additives are nanoscale particles, wherein the nanoscale particles have a particle size with an average diameter of smaller than 100 nm.

15. A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium, the filter membrane comprising:
at least one first layer mostly comprised of an oxide ceramic material;
at least one second layer mostly comprised of a non-oxide ceramic material,
wherein the at least one layer has a ratio of a layer thickness of the at least one second layer to a pore size of the at least one second layer of less than 2,500:1.

16. The filter membrane according to claim 15 , wherein the ratio is in a range from 500:1 to 50:1.

17. A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium, the filter membrane comprising:
at least one first layer mostly comprised of an oxide ceramic material;
at least one second layer mostly comprised of a non-oxide ceramic material,
wherein a ratio of a wall thickness of the filter membrane to a wall thickness of the at least one second layer is greater than 3:1.

18. The filter membrane according to claim 17 , wherein the ratio is greater than 10:1.

19. The filter membrane according to claim 17 , wherein the filter membrane is embodied as a hollow fiber.

20. The filter membrane according to claim 19 , wherein the filter membrane forms an inner fiber wall or an outer fiber wall of the hollow fiber.

21. The filter membrane according to claim 19 , wherein the filter membrane forms an inner fiber wall and an outer fiber wall of the hollow fiber.

22. The filter membrane according to claim 19 , configured to be employed in process water filtration; drinking water treatment; surface water treatment; wastewater treatment and recycling; filtration applications in food industry, beverage industry, chemical industry, biotechnology, and medical technology; and automotive applications.

23. A filter module for filtration of a medium, comprising a plurality of the filter membrane according to claim 19 , wherein the filter module is configured to be employed in process water filtration; drinking water treatment; surface water treatment; wastewater treatment and recycling; filtration applications in food industry, beverage industry, chemical industry, biotechnology, and medical technology; and automotive applications.

Assignees

• Mann & Hummel Gmbh

Inventors

• Ehlen Frank

Classifications

• B01D61/14

  Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration · CPC title

• B01D69/08 Primary

  Hollow fibre membranes (manufacture of hollow fibres D01D5/24, D01F1/08) · CPC title

• B01D71/025 Primary

  Aluminium oxide · CPC title

• B01D71/02

  Inorganic material · CPC title

• B01D69/12

  Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes · CPC title