Ashless or reduced ash quaternary detergents

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10407641-B2
Application number	US-201815871233-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 15, 2018
Priority date	Mar 3, 2009
Publication date	Sep 10, 2019
Grant date	Sep 10, 2019

Abstract

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method for preparing an oil-soluble ionic detergent, comprising the steps of:
(a) providing an oil-soluble acidic substrate having at least one aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent;
(b) admixing with said acidic substrate a molar excess of a basic compound comprising a quaternary ammonium or a quaternary phosphonium compound to form an admixture; and
(c) treating the admixture with carbon dioxide.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the oil-soluble acidic substrate further comprises providing in an organic solvent.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the oil-soluble acidic substrate further comprises providing in the presence of a C1 to C6 alcohol.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil-soluble acidic substrate comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbyl group comprises 4 to 400 carbon atoms.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil-soluble acid substrate is selected from an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid and an alkyl salicylic acid.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein admixing comprises admixing the basic compound with less than 1 equivalent of the oil-soluble acidic substrate.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the admixing comprises admixing a quaternary ammonium compound.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound comprises tetra-n-butyl ammonium hydroxide.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the admixing comprises admixing a quaternary phosphonium compound.

11. An oil-soluble ionic detergent prepared by the method of claim 1 , wherein the detergent comprises:
(a) a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and
(b) an organic anion having at least one aliphatic hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent;
said oil-soluble ionic detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1;
wherein said oil-soluble ionic detergent exhibits a TBN of at least about 10 arising from a non-metallic base.

12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the oil-soluble ionic detergent comprises a quaternary ammonium cation or a quaternary phosphonium cation.

13. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the cation comprises a tetrahydrocarbyl ammonium ion.

14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the cation comprises four groups selected from the group consisting of methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups, butyl groups, benzyl groups, phenyl groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, aminoalkyl groups, and mixtures thereof.

15. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the cation comprises a pyridinium ion or an imidazolium ion.

16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the oil-soluble ionic detergent comprises a sulfonate, carboxylate, or phenate anion.

17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the oil-soluble ionic detergent comprises a sulfonate anion or a salicylate anion.

18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the oil-soluble ionic detergent comprises a stoichiometric excess of quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cations of (a) over organic anions of (b) such that said cations and anions are present in an equivalent ratio (a):(b) of at least 2:1.

19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the oil-soluble ionic detergent further comprises an additional oxo-anion.

20. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the additional oxo-anion comprises a carbonate, bicarbonate, borate, hydroxide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, or carboxylate ion or mixtures thereof, said carboxylate ion containing 5 or fewer carbon atoms.

Assignees

• Lubrizol Corp

Inventors

• Delbridge Ewan E
• Carrick Virginia A
• Pudelski John K
• Gieselman Matthew D
• Friend Christopher L
• Mosier Patrick E
• Rogers Michelle M
• Tierney Mark T

Classifications

• C10N2040/25

  Internal-combustion engines · CPC title

• C10N2030/45

  Ash-less or low ash content · CPC title

• C10N2030/43

  Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions · CPC title

• C10N2030/42

  Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions · CPC title

• C10N2030/04

  Detergent property or dispersant property · CPC title