Use of nitrogen compounds quaternised with alkylene oxide and hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid as additives in fuels and lubricants

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10407634-B2
Application number	US-201715678974-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 16, 2017
Priority date	Jun 7, 2013
Publication date	Sep 10, 2019
Grant date	Sep 10, 2019

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of quaternized nitrogen compounds as a fuel and lubricant additive or kerosene additive, such as in particular as a detergent additive, for decreasing or preventing deposits in the injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines, in particular in common rail injection systems, for decreasing the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines, in particular of diesel engines having common rail injection systems, and for minimizing the power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, in particular in diesel engines having common rail injection systems; the invention further relates to the use as an additive for petrol, in particular for operation of DISI engines.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method for preparing a fuel composition, a lubricant composition or a kerosene composition, comprising:
adding to a fuel, a lubricant or a kerosene, a salt or a purified form thereof of a hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid and a hydrocarbyl epoxide quaternized nitrogen compound obtained by reaction of an alkylamine of formula (3)
with a quaternizing agent of formula (4) to obtain a quaternized nirogen compound of formula (2a), formula (2b) or a mixture thereof according to Eq. (I);
wherein the reaction with the quaternizing agent is in the presence of a free hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid of formula (1);
wherein
at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 radicals is a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 40 -hydrocarbyl radical and the other radicals are identical or different, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 6 -hydrocarbyl radicals; or
R 2 , R 3 and R 4 radicals are identical or different, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 40 -hydrocarbyl radicals,
R 5 is H or an aliphatic or aromatic radical comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl having a number-average molecular weight (M n ) of 85 to 20,000; and
R is H or a radical CH 2 CH(R 5 )OH

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction product reduces the fuel consumption of a direct injection diesel engine.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction product is added to a gasoline fuel and reduces the level of deposits in the intake system of a gasoline engine.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction product is added to a diesel fuel and reduces and/or prevents deposits in an intake system.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a C 7 -C 28 -hydrocarbyl group.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a polyalkylene radical having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 100.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein two of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and are each a straight-chain or branched C 10 -C 20 -alkyl radical and the other radical is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of a diesel fuel, a biodiesel fuel, a gasoline fuel, and an alkanol-containing gasoline fuel.

9. A quaternized nitrogen compound of formula (2b) in a reaction product obtained by the method according to claim 1 .

10. An additive concentrate comprising, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of a diesel fuel additive, a gasoline fuel additive and a lubricant additive, at least one quaternized nitrogen compound of formula (2b) prepared by the process according to claim 1 .

11. A fuel composition, a lubricant composition or a kerosene composition comprising, in a fuel or a lubricant, a proportion of at least one reaction product comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound of formula (2b), or a fraction thereof obtained from the reaction product of claim 1 by purification.

12. The fuel composition, the lubricant composition or the kerosene composition according to claim 11 , wherein R 1 comprises a polyalkylene radical having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 100.

13. The fuel composition, the lubricant composition or the kerosene composition according to claim 11 , wherein the fuel, the lubricant or the kerosene is selected from the group consisting of a diesel fuel, a biodiesel fuel, a gasoline fuel, and an alkanol-containing gasoline fuel.

14. A method for preparing a fuel composition, a lubricant composition or a kerosene composition, comprising:
adding to a fuel, a lubricant or a kerosene, a component fraction of the reaction product obtained according to claim 1 .

15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein 0.1 to 4.0 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl epoxide (4) are used per equivalent of the tertiary amine (3).

Assignees

• Basf Se

Inventors

• Hansch Markus
• Boehnke Harald
• Grabarse Wolfgang
• Voelkel Ludwig
• Peretolchin Maxim

Classifications

• C10N2040/255

  Gasoline engines · CPC title

• C10N2040/253

  Small diesel engines · CPC title

• C10N2030/06

  Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure · CPC title

• C10L10/08

  for improving lubricity; for reducing wear · CPC title

• C10L10/06

  for facilitating soot removal · CPC title