Fatty acid ester-based wax compositions and methods of making thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10351798-B2
Application number	US-201815875803-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 19, 2018
Priority date	Jan 20, 2017
Publication date	Jul 16, 2019
Grant date	Jul 16, 2019

Abstract

This invention relates to a wax composition comprising one or more fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of

R 1 and R 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 4 to C 50 alkyl or aryl; and n 1 is an integer from 2 to 10. This invention also relates to a wax composition comprising: a) one or more fatty acid monoester or diester compounds having the formula of:

and b) one or more hydroxylated fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of

In these formulae, R is H or COR 1′ ; R 1′ and R 2′ are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 4 to C 50 alkyl or aryl; n 2 is an integer from 2 to 24; m is an integer from 2 to 12; and .(OH) m represents 2 to 12 hydroxyl groups substituting for 2 to 12 hydrogen atoms in the alkyl groups R 1′ and/or R 2′ . Uses of the compositions are also disclosed.

First claim

What is claimed:

1. A wax composition comprising one or more fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of:

wherein:
R 1 and R 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 4 to C 50 alkyl or aryl; and
n 1 is an integer from 4 to 8.

2. The wax composition of claim 1 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently an unsubstituted C 4 to C 28 alkyl.

3. The wax composition of claim 2 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently an unsubstituted C 8 to C 22 alkyl.

4. The wax composition of claim 1 , wherein one of R 1 and R 2 is phenyl.

5. The wax composition of claim 1 , wherein the wax composition has a melting point ranging from 55° C. to 80° C.

6. The wax composition of claim 1 , wherein the wax composition has a penetration hardness of 1.6 mm or below, measured by a standard needle penetration test according to the ASTM D1321 standard, with a 100 g cone and the penetration being conducted for 5 seconds at 23° C.

7. The wax composition of claim 1 , wherein the wax composition has a cohesiveness of 1000 to 4500 g·mm, measured by the energy required to bend or break a 4 mm-thick wax disk placed on a three-bar instrument, with two vertical support bars 12 mm apart and a third bar attached to the crosshead of the instrument being driven perpendicularly into the wax disk for 3 mm at a speed of 0.5 mm/s.

8. A candle comprising the wax composition of claim 1 , and a candle wick.

9. A coated material comprising the wax composition of claim 1 , and a substrate.

10. A wax composition comprising:
a) one or more fatty acid monoester or diester compounds having the formula of

and
b) one or more hydroxylated fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of

wherein:
R is H or COR 1 ′;
R 1 ′ and R 2 ′ are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 4 to C 50 alkyl or aryl;
n 2 is an integer from 2 to 24;
m is an integer from 2 to 12; and
.(OH) m represents 2 to 12 hydroxyl groups substituting for 2 to 12 hydrogen atoms in the alkyl groups R 1 ′ and/or R 2 ′,
wherein component a) and component b) are blended together.

11. The wax composition of claim 10 further comprising:
c) one or more fatty acid diester compounds having the formula of:

wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 4 to C 50 alkyl or aryl; and n 1 is an integer from 2 to 10.

12. The wax composition of claim 10 wherein R 1 ′ and R 2 ′ are each independently an unsubstituted C 4 to C 28 alkyl.

13. The wax composition of claim 12 , wherein R 1 ′ and R 2 ′ are each independently an unsubstituted C 8 to C 22 alkyl.

14. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the component a) is an ethylene glycol saturated fatty acid monoester and/or diester, and the component b) is a hydroxylated ethylene glycol fatty acid diester.

15. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the component a) is an ethylene glycol saturated fatty acid monoester and/or diester, and the component b) is a hydroxylated 1,16-diol fatty acid diester.

16. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the component a) is a 1,16-diol saturated fatty acid monoester and/or diester, and the component b) is a hydroxylated 1,16-diol fatty acid diester.

17. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the component a) ranges from 90 wt % to 95 wt % of the wax composition, and the component b) ranges from 10 wt % to 5 wt % of the wax composition.

18. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the wax composition has a melting point ranging from 55° C. to 80° C.

19. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the wax composition has a penetration hardness of 1.6 mm or below, measured by a standard needle penetration test according to the ASTM D1321 standard, with a 100 g cone, and the penetration being conducted for 5 seconds at 23° C.

20. The wax composition of claim 10 , wherein the wax composition has a cohesiveness of 500 to 3000 g·mm, measured by the energy required to bend or break a 4 mm-thick wax disk placed on a three-bar instrument, with two vertical support bars 12 mm apart and a third bar attached to the crosshead of the instrument being driven perpendicularly into the wax disk for 3 mm at a speed of 0.5 mm/s.

21. A candle comprising the wax composition of claim 10 , and a candle wick.

22. A coated material comprising the wax composition of claim 10 , and a substrate.

23. The wax composition of claim 1 , further comprising a paraffin wax or beeswax, a polyethylene wax, a polypropylene wax, an amide wax, a Fischer-Tropsch wax, or combinations thereof.

24. The wax composition of claim 10 , further comprising a paraffin wax or beeswax, a polyethylene wax, a polypropylene wax, an amide wax, a Fischer-Tropsch wax, or combinations thereof.

25. The wax composition of claim 1 , further comprising a hydrophobic silica nanoparticle or microparticle.

26. The wax composition of claim 10 , further comprising a hydrophobic silica nanoparticle or microparticle.

27. The coated material of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is a paper, a cardboard, or a thermoplastic polymer composition.

28. The coated material of claim 22 , wherein the substrate is a paper, a cardboard, or a thermoplastic polymer composition.

29. A biodegradable coating comprising the wax composition of claim 1 , and an emulsifier.

30. The biodegradable coating of claim 29 , wherein the biodegradable coating has an antimicrobial effect, characterized by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms by at least 10% with the concentration of the wax composition at 1 mg/mL.

31. A biodegradable coating comprising the wax composition of claim 10 , and an emulsifier.

32. The biodegradable coating of claim 31 , wherein the biodegradable coating has an antimicrobial effect, characterized by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms by at least 10% with the concentration of the wax composition at 1 mg/mL.

Assignees

• Univ Iowa State Res Found Inc

Inventors

• Wang Tong
• Fei Tao

Classifications

• C11C5/002

  Ingredients · CPC title

• C11C5/006

  wicks, related accessories · CPC title

• C08L91/06

  Waxes · CPC title

• C11C3/003 Primary

  by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols (C11C3/02 takes precedence) · CPC title

• A61K8/922

  of vegetable origin · CPC title