Hexacyanometallates as highly conducting solid electrolytes for batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10333171-B2
Application number	US-201615258732-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 7, 2016
Priority date	Sep 8, 2015
Publication date	Jun 25, 2019
Grant date	Jun 25, 2019

Abstract

Described here is a solid-state lithium-ion battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a solid-state electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte comprises a hexacyanometallate represented by A x P y [R(CN) 6-w L w ] z , wherein: A is at least one alkali metal cation, P is at least one transition metal cation, at least one post-transition metal cation, and/or at least one alkaline earth metal cation, R is at least one transition metal cation, L is an anion, x, y, and z are related based on electrical neutrality, x>0, y>0, z>0, and 0≤w≤6.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A solid-state lithium-ion battery, comprising a cathode, an anode, and a solid-state electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte comprises an electrolyte material represented by A x P y [R(CN) 6-w L w ] z , wherein:
A is at least one alkali metal cation,
P is at least one transition metal cation, at least one post-transition metal cation, at least one alkaline earth metal cation, or a combination thereof,
R is at least one transition metal cation,
L is an anion,
x, y, and z are related based on electrical neutrality, and
x>0, y>0, z>0, and 0≤w≤6.

2. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises lithium metal.

3. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein A comprises one or more of Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + and Cs + .

4. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein A comprises Li + .

5. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein A comprises Rb + or Cs + .

6. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein P comprises at least one transition metal cation.

7. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein P comprises cations of at least two different transition metals.

8. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein P comprises at least one post-transition metal cation.

9. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein P comprises at least one alkaline earth metal cation.

10. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein P comprises at least one alkaline earth metal cation, and wherein A comprises Rb + or Cs + .

11. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein R is selected from cations of Fe, Mn, Cr, and Co.

12. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material is represented by A x P y [Fe(CN) 6 ] z .

13. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material has an ionic conductivity of about 10 −4 S/cm or more.

14. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material has an electronic conductivity of about 10 −8 S/cm or less.

15. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material maintains its electronic conductivity when a voltage of up to 5 V is applied across the electrolyte material.

16. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material is chemically stable when cycled in contact with lithium metal between 0 and 5 V versus Li/Li + , and wherein the electrolyte material is substantially electrochemically inactive during operation of the battery.

17. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery is substantially free of a liquid electrolyte or a polymer electrolyte.

18. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery is substantially free of an electrode comprising a hexacyanometallate.

19. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein w=0.

20. The solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material accounts for at least about 50 wt. % of the solid-state electrolyte.

21. A solid-state lithium-ion battery, comprising a cathode, a lithium metal anode, and a solid-state electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the lithium metal anode, wherein the solid-state electrolyte comprises at least about 50 wt. % of an electrolyte material represented by A x P y [R(CN) 6 ] z , wherein:
A is at least one alkali metal cation,
P is at least one transition metal cation, at least one post-transition metal cation, at least one alkaline earth metal cation, or a combination thereof,
R is at least one transition metal cation,
x, y, and z are related based on electrical neutrality, and
x>0, y>0, z>0.

22. An electric vehicle comprising the solid-state lithium-ion battery of claim 21 .

Assignees

• Univ Leland Stanford Junior

Inventors

• Wang Richard
• Cui Yi
• Pasta Mauro

Classifications

• H01M2300/0068

  inorganic · CPC title

• H01M4/382

  Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• Y02T10/7011

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title