Toner, developer, and image forming apparatus

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10324390-B2
Application number	US-201815884559-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 31, 2018
Priority date	Mar 8, 2017
Publication date	Jun 18, 2019
Grant date	Jun 18, 2019

Abstract

A toner is provided. The toner includes a resin and a fluorine-containing component. The toner satisfies the following formula:

5.0≤ F XPS /F XRF ≤25.0

where F XPS (atomic %) represents a content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and F XRF (weight %) represents another content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF).

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A toner comprising:
a resin; and
a fluorine-containing component,
wherein the toner satisfies the following formula:
5.0 ≤F XPS /F XRF ≤25.0

where F XPS (atomic %) represents a content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and F XRF (weight %) represents another content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF),
wherein the content rate F XPS (atomic %) of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is in the range of from 0.2 to 0.8 atomic %.

2. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the toner further satisfies the following formula: 6.0≤F XPS /F XRF ≤15.0.

3. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the content rate F XRF (weight %) of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) is in the range of from 0.02 to 0.07 weight %.

4. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the toner has a glass transition temperature (Tg1st), measured in a first heating of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in the range of from 20° C. to 50° C.

5. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the resin comprises a crystalline polyester resin having an infrared absorption spectrum having an absorption based on δCH (out-of-plane vibration) of olefin at a wavelength of 965±10 cm −1 or 990±10 cm −1 .

6. A developer comprising:
the toner of claim 1 ; and
a carrier.

7. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an electrostatic latent image bearer;
an electrostatic latent image forming device configured to form an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer; and
a developing device containing the toner of claim 1 , configured to develop the electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer into a toner image with the toner.

8. The toner of claim 1 , wherein the fluorine-containing component comprises a fluorine-modified layered inorganic material, which is a layered inorganic material treated with a fluorine-containing compound,
wherein the layered inorganic material comprises at least one inorganic mineral selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite, and sepiolite, and
the fluorine-containing compound comprises a silane coupling agent having a fluoroalkyl group.

9. The toner of claim 8 , wherein a content of the fluorine-containing compound in the fluorine-modified layered inorganic mineral is from 2 to 50 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the layered inorganic mineral.

10. The toner of claim 8 , wherein a content of the fluorine-containing compound in the fluorine-modified layered inorganic mineral is from 4 to 40 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the layered inorganic mineral.

11. A toner comprising:
a resin; and
a fluorine-containing component,
wherein the toner satisfies the following formula:
5.0 ≤F XPS /F XRF ≤25.0

where F xps (atomic %) represents a content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and F (weight %) represents another content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF),
wherein the content rate F XRF (weight %) of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) is in the range of from 0.02 to 0.07 weight %.

12. A toner comprising:
a resin; and
a fluorine-containing component,
wherein the toner satisfies the following formula:
5.0 ≤F XPS /F XRF ≤25.0

where F XPS (atomic %) represents a content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and F XRF (weight %) represents another content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF),
wherein the fluorine-containing component comprises a fluorine-modified layered inorganic material, which is a layered inorganic material treated with a fluorine-containing compound,
wherein the layered inorganic material comprises at least one inorganic mineral selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite, and sepiolite, and
the fluorine-containing compound comprises a silane coupling agent having a fluoroalkyl group.

13. The toner of claim 12 , wherein a content of the fluorine-containing compound in the fluorine-modified layered inorganic mineral is from 2 to 50 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the layered inorganic mineral.

14. The toner of claim 12 , wherein a content of the fluorine-containing compound in the fluorine-modified layered inorganic mineral is from 4 to 40 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the layered inorganic mineral.

15. A developer comprising:
the toner of claim 11 ; and
a carrier.

16. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an electrostatic latent image bearer;
an electrostatic latent image forming device configured to form an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer; and
a developing device containing the toner of claim 11 , configured to develop the electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer into a toner image with the toner.

17. A developer comprising:
the toner of claim 12 ; and
a carrier.

18. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an electrostatic latent image bearer;
an electrostatic latent image forming device configured to form an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer; and
a developing device containing the toner of claim 12 , configured to develop the electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer into a toner image with the toner.

Assignees

• Takeyama Akihiro
• Watanabe Junichi
• Kadota Takahiro
• Ricoh Co Ltd

Inventors

• Takeyama Akihiro
• Watanabe Junichi
• Kadota Takahiro

Classifications

• G03G9/09716

  treated with organic compounds · CPC title

• G03G9/0821

  characterised by physical parameters (magnetic parameters G03G9/083) · CPC title

• G03G9/0825

  characterised by their structure; characterised by non-homogenuous distribution of components (microcapsular toners G03G9/093) · CPC title

• G03G9/08755 Primary

  Polyesters · CPC title

• G03G9/09766

  comprising fluorine · CPC title