Method for the pressure relief of a nuclear power plant, pressure-relief system for a nuclear power plant and associated nuclear power plant

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10304573-B2
Application number	US-201113217323-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 25, 2011
Priority date	Aug 25, 2010
Publication date	May 28, 2019
Grant date	May 28, 2019

Abstract

A method and a corresponding device for the pressure relief of a nuclear power plant having an outlet for a relief flow. The relief flow is guided out of a containment into the atmosphere via a relief line provided with a filter system. The filter system has a filter chamber with a filter-chamber inlet and outlet and a sorbent filter arranged therebetween. The relief flow is guided in a high-pressure section of the relief line past the filter chamber, with the latter being heated, and the relief flow is expanded at the end of the high-pressure section and dried. In order for efficient retention of iodine-containing organic compounds, the relief flow is guided through a bed filter, guided in a superheating section past the high-pressure section of the relief line and in the process is heated, guided in this state directly thereafter through the filter chamber having the sorbent filter.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method for pressure relief of a nuclear power plant having a containment for enclosing activity carriers and an outlet for a relief flow, which comprises the steps of:
guiding the relief flow out of the containment into an atmosphere via a relief line provided with a filter system, the filter system having a filter chamber with a filter-chamber inlet, a filter-chamber outlet and a sorbent filter disposed therebetween;
guiding the relief flow through a high-pressure section of the relief line where the relief flow moves adjacent too but not through the filter chamber, with the filter chamber being heated by way of heat transfer from the relief flow, and the relief flow being expanded at an end of the high-pressure section at a throttle and dried resulting in a low-pressure relief flow in comparison to the relief flow in the high-pressure section;
guiding the low-pressure relief flow through a bed filter selected from the group consisting of a sand-bed filter and a gravel-bed filter;
guiding the low-pressure relief flow through a superheating section surrounded by the high-pressure section of the relief line, the superheating section being in thermal interaction with the relief flow in the high-pressure section via heat-exchanger elements resulting in heating of the low-pressure relief flow by way of heat transfer from the high-pressure section;
guiding the low-pressure relief flow directly thereafter through the filter chamber having the sorbent filter; and
discharging the low-pressure relief flow into the atmosphere.

2. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises heating the low-pressure relief flow in the superheating section to a temperature which is at least 10° C. above a dew-point temperature present there.

3. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises guiding the relief flow in the high-pressure section through a central chamber which is surrounded by the filter chamber or adjoins it, and guiding the low-pressure relief flow in the superheating section through the heat-exchanger elements which are disposed in the central chamber.

4. The method according to claim 3 , which further comprises guiding the low-pressure relief flow in the superheating section in one of a counter-flow or a cross-counter-flow with respect to the relief flow in the high-pressure section.

5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the central chamber has a central-chamber inlet, through which the relief flow in the high-pressure section is guided into the central chamber, and condensate which forms in the central chamber is collected in a condensate collection tank, which is connected to the central chamber, and at least partially returned to the central-chamber inlet and injected as a fine spray of water or mist of water.

6. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises setting a flow speed of the relief flow in the high-pressure section within a range of 10 m/s to 50 m/s.

7. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises setting a flow speed of the low-pressure relief flow in the superheating section within a range of 10 m/s to 70 m/s.

8. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises setting a free flow cross section of the throttle such that a pressure in the high-pressure section is twice to five times as high as a pressure in the superheating section.

9. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises guiding the low-pressure relief flow over the sorbent filter with non-water-soluble silver doping.

10. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises heating the low-pressure relief flow in the superheating section to a temperature range of 20° C. to 50° C. above a dew-point temperature present there.

11. The method according to claim 3 , which further comprises forming the heat exchanger elements as heat-exchanger tubes disposed in the central chamber.

12. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises in full-load operation, setting a flow speed of the relief flow in the high-pressure section within a range of 10 m/s to 50 m/s.

13. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises in full-load operation, setting a flow speed of the low-pressure relief flow in the superheating section within a range of 10 m/s to 70 m/s.

Assignees

• Eckardt Bernd
• Losch Norbert
• Pasler Carsten
• Framatome Gmbh

Inventors

• Eckardt Bernd
• Losch Norbert
• Pasler Carsten

Classifications

• Y02E30/40

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• B01D2253/108

  Zeolites · CPC title

• G21C9/004

  Pressure suppression · CPC title

• B01D53/04

  with stationary adsorbents {(B01D53/025 takes precedence)} · CPC title

• G21C9/001 Primary

  against explosions, e.g. blast shields · CPC title