Cathodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10290868-B2
Application number	US-44751006-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 1, 2006
Priority date	Jun 1, 2005
Publication date	May 14, 2019
Grant date	May 14, 2019

Abstract

The present invention includes an apparatus and method of making and using a composition that includes the replacement of electrochemically inactive additives with a conductive and electrochemically active polymer that is attached so as to make an electrical contract to the redox couples of the electrochemically active oxide particles into/from which Lithium is reversibly inserted/extracted in a battery discharge/charge cycle.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A cathode consisting essentially of:
one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ), wherein M is selected from Mn, Co, Ni or mixtures thereof and X is selected from Si, P, As, S or mixtures thereof and wherein the lithium is inserted/extracted reversibly into/from the one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ); and
a cathode filler material consisting essentially of an electronically conductive polymer of repeating units of substituted or unsubstituted monomers of aniline, thiophene, pyrrole, phenyl mercaptan, furan, [(ferrocenyl)amidopropyl] pyrrole or mixtures thereof,
wherein the cathode filler material is attached to the one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ), and
wherein the electronically conductive polymer is a binder material.

2. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein X is Si, As or S.

3. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein X is P to form the carbon coated olivine C—LiM(PO 4 ).

4. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein the lithium content is variable.

5. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein the electronically conductive polymer comprises conjugated regions.

6. The cathode of claim 5 , wherein the electronically conductive polymer comprises repeating units of substituted or unsubstituted monomers of thiophene, phenyl mercaptan, furan, pyrrole or mixtures thereof.

7. The cathode of claim 5 , wherein the electronically conductive polymer comprises monomers which are ring-substituted with one or more straight or branched alkyl, alkoxy, or alkyloxylalkyl groups, which contain from 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

8. A rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising an anode, and the cathode of claim 1 , in communication with an electrolyte.

9. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Mn and X is P, Si, As or S.

10. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Co and X is P, Si, As or S.

11. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Ni and X is P, Si, As or S.

12. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Mn and X is As or S.

13. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Co and X is As or S.

14. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Ni and X is As or S.

15. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Mn and X is P or Si.

16. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Co and X is P or Si.

17. The cathode of claim 1 , wherein M is Ni and X is P or Si.

18. A cathode comprising:
a cathode filler material consisting essentially of an electronically conductive polymer obtained by polymerization of organic monomers of [(ferrocenyl)amidopropyl]pyrrole and pyrrole, wherein the electronically conductive polymer is a binder material,
electrically attached to one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ), wherein
M is selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni or mixtures thereof, and
X is selected from Si, P, As, S or mixtures thereof and wherein the lithium is inserted/extracted reversibly into/from the one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ).

19. A cathode comprising:
an electronically conductive polymer cathode filler material consisting essentially of pyrrole and [(ferrocenyl) amidopropyl] pyrrole in a ratio of about 50:50, and
carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ) particles attached to the electronically conductive polymer cathode filler material, wherein M is selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni or mixtures thereof and X is selected from Si, P, As, S or mixtures thereof and wherein the lithium is inserted/extracted reversibly into/from the carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ).

20. The cathode of claim 19 , wherein the carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ) particles eliminate the need for a polymer binder.

21. The cathode of claim 19 , wherein the carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ) particles and the electronically conductive polymer have a similar voltage range.

22. The cathode of claim 19 , wherein the electronically conductive polymer conducts electrons and stores lithium-ions to provide additional capacity.

23. A cathode consisting essentially of:
one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ), wherein M is selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni or mixtures thereof and X is selected from Si, As, S or mixture thereof and wherein the lithium is inserted/extracted reversibly into/from the one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ); and
a cathode filler material consisting essentially of an electronically conductive polymer of repeating units of substituted or unsubstituted monomers of aniline, thiophene, pyrrole, phenyl mercaptan, furan, [(ferrocenyl)amidopropyl] pyrrole or mixtures thereof, attached to the one or more carbon coated olivine C—LiM(XO 4 ), wherein the electronically conductive polymer is a binder material.

Assignees

• Goodenough John B
• Park Kyu Sung
• Schougaard Steen
• Univ Texas

Inventors

• Goodenough John B
• Park Kyu-Sung
• Schougaard Steen

Classifications

• H01M4/364

  as mixtures · CPC title

• H01M4/608

  containing heterocyclic rings · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/137

  Electrodes based on electro-active polymers · CPC title

• H01M4/5825

  Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines · CPC title